Study On The Value Of Ecosystem Service In The Heihe Wetland National Nature Reserve In Zhangye

In recent years, with the development of study on the ecological service value,people have gradually realized the powerful economic benefits of wetland which is aunique and vital ecosystem, and the study of ecological wetland becomes a frontiertopic in the international wetland research. The Heihe wetland national naturereserve was established in2010by the state council approved, it is a typical arid andsemiarid wetland as well as an inland water ecosystem, it’s also an important waterconservation area in the middle and lower reaches of Heihe river. As an ecologicalbarrier of the Hexi corridor and even northwest of China, the Heihe wetland reservehas a very important strategic status for the ecological security. Therefore, the papermakes a comprehensive, quantitative and monetized study on the wetland, which willhelp people more intuitive to realize that the wetland reserve plays an important rolein the regional economic development. Meanwhile, the results will provide a scientificbasis for conservation and management of Heihe wetland, and also offer a theory support for greenGDP calculation in this region.According to the field survey data of wetland bureau and the wetlandclassification standard, the Heihe wetland reserve are divided into natural andconstructed wetlands, including river wetland, swamp wetland, lake wetland,aquaculture pond, irrigated land, water reserve, and salt pan and so on, a total of13categories. At the same time, based on the field investigation and experiment analysis,the study gives out a lot of data and applies the market value method, the shadowengineering method, carbon tax method, ecological method and travel cost method toevaluate the value of all ecosystem services in Heihe wetland nature reserve. Theresults show that:(1) With the diversity of wetland types and unique geographical environment, themain ecological functions of the wetland include material production, adjusting floodand water supplies, climate regulation, carbon fixation and releasing oxygen, pollutantdegradation, wildlife habitats, scientific research and entertainment function. (2) Meanwhile, the annual value of the Heihe wetland ecosystem is3289million Yuan, and the total value is11.27percent of GDP in Zhangye city. Among that,the indirect use value is the highest, and the percentage is64.24%; the next is directuse value, and the percentage is32.69%; the option value is the least, and thepercentage is only3.07%.(3)The calculations show that the adjusting flood value is1086million Yuan,the carbon fixation and oxygen release value is673million Yuan, the entertainmentvalue is420million Yuan, the water supplies value is380million Yuan, the climateregulation value is329million Yuan, the material production value is178million Yuan,the wildlife habitats value is101million Yuan, the scientific research value is97million Yuan and the pollutant degradation value is25million Yuan. The results alsoprove that among the wetland ecological functions, the adjusting flood value ishighest and the pollutant degradation value is the lowest, and result highlights that thewetlands play an important role in water conservation and ecological maintenance.(4) Compared with global and China wetland ecosystem function value, weknow that the per unit value of Heihe wetland reserve is more significant, whichshows its important position in wetland ecosystem and the huge potential ecologicalbenefits.(5) Based on the analysis of wetland ecosystem valuation and present situation ofits ecological environment, the paper put forward the wetland protection measures topromote the wetland sustainable development. Such as establish the legal system ofwetland protection and coordination management mechanism; make scientificplanning and strengthen the wetland applied research; built the wetland monitoringsystem and improve the wetland protection technical support; strengthen theeducation and enhance the consciousness of wetland conservation; increase wetlandprotection funds and strengthen the international cooperation. All these measures willoffer beneficial references for the wetland sustainable and harmonious development.