Studies On Early Flowering Varieties Breeding By Ground-cover Chrysanthemum

In this experiment, taking Ground-Cover Chrysanthemum as materials, measure the pollen viability and medium; To increase the inefficiency of pollination, reaches the influence on pollen viability by temperature, acquisition time, flower parts, etc.; Examines the influence of different short-days to chrysanthemum flowering and different pollination methods affect by chrysanthemum hybrid seed rate; Statistics the flower diameter, double degree, main properties such as plant height, crown amplitude of F1generation as a chrysanthemum, build the foundation of breeding early flowering strain of Ground-Cover Chrysanthemum, and enrich the germplasm resource of Chrysanthemum.The results showed that:The pollen germination rate was the highest90min later when cultured in vitro; The optimal culture media was ME3+sugar100g/L+PEG4000150g/L or ME3+sugar150g/L+PEG4000150g/L. The results showed that the pollen germination rate and growth of pollen tubes were promoted significantly by Ca2+but not influenced by H3BO3.10,15and20℃were the optimum temperature for pollen germination; The ones collected at13:00had the highest germination ability; The viability of pollen collected from middle parts of inflorescences was significantly higher than that from external or inside of inflorescence.An appropriate short-day treatment can effectively advance chrysanthemum flowering time. Specifically, over30d short-day treatment, early flowering period, full-bloom stage, withering period of ’Maobaiyu’;’Zijiao’ and’Dahong’ deal with short-day treatment50d can bloom earlier while treatment of30d,40d appeared as floral reversion.Hybridization pollination best time is12:00-14:00, and repeated pollination four times, chrysanthemum seed setting rate is highest.Statistics annuals in the Fl hybrid seedlings traits,12strains of offspring by early flower X late flower,4strains for early flowers; Later chrysanthemum flower groundcover X earlier flower chrysanthemum offspring in6cases, early chrysanthemum flower groundcover3strains;14strains in the offspring by Late flower X Late flower, early chrysanthemum flower didn’t appear. By contrast this early flowerings, No.11by Xia zhibai X Fen furong has bigger flower diameter and higher degree, is better early flowering varieties.