Measurement And Analysis On Reproductive Trait And Production Performance Of New-US Breeds Swine In Xinjiang

For investigating adaptation in Xinjiang, in this study, reproduction trait (total3200) ofnew-US purebred breeds Yorkshire (YY), Landrace (LL) and Duroc (DD) sows, in Changji regionwere analyzed. Total301pigs in the three breeds were examined for growth performance and80pigs were examined for carcass performance.The results show that YY sows produced larger litters in period of3-5th parity and reducedlitter size after7th parity. LL sows produced large litters in period of5-6th parity and also reducedlitter size after7th parity. DD sows produced their large litters only at the4th parity and reducedlitters in the next parity. Compared with LL sows, the average litter size of YY sows was higher,and that of DD sows was lower,(P<0.01). The born litter weight of LL (16.56kg) was higher thanthat of YY (2.25kg) and DD (2.16kg), respectively,(P<0.01). The weaning litter weight of LL(77.13kg) was also higher than that of YY (8.88kg) and DD (23.92kg), respectively,(P<0.01).For growing-finishing, the50-day-old weight of LL (15.95kg) was higher than that of YY(2.23kg) and DD (1.23kg),(P<0.01). In period from50to170days of age, growth rate of YY pigswas faster than that of DD and LL pigs,(P<0.01). With data-adjusting, LL piglets attained theirbody weight to30kg in61.22d and it was5.98d less than DD piglets,(P<0.01). In period of bodyweight from30to100kg, the average daily gains of YY (810g) and DD (803g) were higher thanthat of LL (763g),(P<0.05), the feed-to-gain ratio of YY and DD were2.88and2.97, respectively,and less than that of LL (3.25),(P<0.05). From weaning to finishing, the feed conversion ratio ofYY (2.71) was lower than that of LL (2.84) and DD (3.05), respectively,(P<0.05).For carcass performance, there is no significant difference among the three breeds on carcassyield, back-fat thickness and loin muscle area. Knuckle-to-hip ratio of DD was higher than that ofYY and LL,(P<0.05). Dehydration rate of longissimus muscle (DR), L*value and shear force ofDD were lower than that of YY and LL, respectively,(P<0.05). the loin muscle area (LMA) of YY at weight of140kg and130kg were increased than that at weight of110kg, respectively,(P<0.05). Back-fat of YY at weight of140kg was6.04mm thicker than that at weight of110kg,(P<0.01). Compared with other body weight, the DR, L*value and shear force of YY were lowestat the weight of140kg. Back-fit of YY was increased from at weight of130kg to weight of140kg,(P<0.05). Between the YY pigs at weight of130kg and at weight of140kg, there is no significantdifference on the LMA, DR, L*value and shear force. LMA of DD at weight of140kg was higherthan that at weight of110kg,(P<0.05). There is no significant difference on back-fat thicknessbetween the DD at weight of110kg and at weight of140kg,(P>0.05). The least DR, L*value andshear force of DD were appear at the weight of140kg.The results of analysis on3years reproductive performance data showed that LL was thebest on fecundity among the three breeds. On growing-finishing, the growth rate of YY pigs wasfaster than that of DD and of LL.On carcass performance and meat trait, it was appropriate forslaughter at weight of140kg for YY, DD, and at weight of130-140kg for LL.