| This paper studied on the composition of fruit fly species and their dominant species in three tropical orchards(carambo, guava and syzygium samarangense) of Hainan Province, using Methyl Eugeno、Cuelure and Torula Yeast. The results showed that:the fruit fly species of the three orchards were abundant, including: Bactrocera dorsalis, B. curcubitae、B. tau、B. rubigina、B. scutellata、B. caudata、 B. wuzhishana、B. variabilis(only carambola and guava orchard)、B. pictipennis(only guava orchard)、Dacus haikouensis. The dominance index of B. dorsalis in the three tropical orchards were0.9881,0.9898and0.9894respectively, B. dorsalis was recognized a dominant species. Investigated the population dynamics of B. dorsalis in the three tropical orchards and the results came that the B. dorsalis dynamics in carambola orchard only had a peak, which appeared from July to August. The peak of the B. dorsalis dynamics in guava orchard appeared from the late of June to early July and early August, and the peak of the B. dorsalis dynamics in syzygium samarangense orchard appeared in the middle of June. The population dynamics of B. dorsalis in guava orchard of Huangzhu town was always slightly higher than out of the guava orchard, there was a linear dependence between the orchard and out of the orchard, the linear regression equation was y=0.6704x+3.572(R2=0.8981). The population dynamics of B. dorsalis in different syzygium samarangense orchards survey indicated that, there were both two peaks in the orchards, the peaks of Suchang orchard appeared respectively in the end of April and mid-June, the peaks of Mingmen orchard appeared respectively in the early of May and mid-June. The numbers of B. dorsalis in the guava orchard with fine management was significant below the orchard with extensive management.The comparative tests of methyl eugenol mixed with different pesticides for trapping B. dorsalis were studied. The results showed that ME mixed with45%malathion was the best effective for trapping male adults of B. dorsalis, and the next was ME mixed with3%methylamino abamectin benzoic acid salt emulsion, but both no significantly difference.3%methylamino abamectin benzoic acid salt emulsion could replaced45%malathion to mixed with ME for use.The effect of protein bait mixed with different pesticides for trapping B. dorsalis were studied. The best effective for trapping male and female adults among the treatments was the proteolytic liquid which was not added any kind of pesticides. The proteolytic liquid mixed with45%malathion was followed, but the effect for trapping female was obviously better than the former. For the use of hydrolyzed protein spot spray, or use in open traps to control fruit fly pest, the protein bait should add a small amount of malathion in order to achieve the good effect. The protein bait added5%ammonium acetate(AA) which was proved the best effective. And it was not easy to be mildewed in a high temperature and sealed environment. Different dosages of torula yeast bait pellets and their durations for capturing B. dorsalis were compared in syzygium samarangense orchard of Hainan Province. The results showed that the trapping effects of3pellets in500ml water (3%)was better than4pellets in500ml water (4%) or5pellets(5%) for capturing female adults of B. dorsalis significantly. Trapping effects of3,4or5pellets for capturing female adults of B. dorsalis did not change significantly during the30days. Both trapping effect and cost considered, dosage of3pellets and replace monthly were recommended for surveying and capturing of fruit fly in practice.Studied on the trapping effect of B. dorsalis between synthetic food-based lures and protein baits which baited in McPhail traps. The results showed that the effect of ammonium acetate was best for trapping B. dorsalis; Torula Yeast, ammonium acetate+putrescine (PT), and ammonium acetate+putrescine+trimethylamine were following, but the difference were not significant compared with the former. Though the number of B. dorsalis trapping by Torula Yeast were slightly lower, its effect of females capturing were best. When synthetic food baits were deployed in the field, the best trapping effect appeared during11-20days, theirs field longevity were about30days. Screening the concentration of ammonium acetate, The results showed that the trapping effect of6%AA was better than4%AA、2%AA and1%AA. In an appropriate concentration range, the higher concentration of AA, the better trapping of B. dorsalis. The best ratio of2C (AA+PT) to trap B. dorsalis was A3B2(AA10g+PT0.075g), though the female percentage was not high, the number of B. dorsalis was largest. The best ratio of3C (AA+PT+TMA) to trap B. dorsalis was A3B3C2(AA10g+PT0.1g+TMA0.75g), its trapping effect of B. dorsalis was best. The synthetic application of male annihilation with methyl eugenol and trapping adults with protein bait, and combined agricultural practices (deal with fruit drops) to control of B. dorsalis in Hainan tropical orchards. There was obviously a positive correlation between population density of the pest and damage rate of fruits in carambola orchard, the linear regression equation was y=0.0109x-0.1845(R2=0.9703, P<0.01).The protective fruit rate for the second harvest time of carambola was81.3%under the condition of fruit which was not bagged and not used with pesticides. The linear regression equation of guava orchard was y=0.5072x+0.6011(R2=0.9352, P<0.01), The protective fruit rate for the second harvest time of guava was66.44%under the condition of fruit which was not bagged and not used with pesticides. There was obviously a positive correlation between population density of the pest and damage rate of fruits in syzygium samarangense orchard, the linear regression equation was y=1.0117x+.8212(R2=0.9711,P<0.01). These three orchards have achieved a certain amount of revenue. |
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