| The mutualistic symbiont that some soil fungus and plant roots were formed through a long process of co-evolution was Mycorrhizae,the fungus that participated in the formation of Mycorrhizae was called Mycorrhizal fungi,the plant was called Mycorrhizae plant or host. Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi(AMF) is distributed widely in nature,about90%microtubules plants could form Arbuscular Mycorrhiza with AM fungus.It has economic、social and ecological significant that material exchanging between organisms in the ecosystem、energy flowing、transmitting messages、biological evolution and distribution、biodiversity protecting、stabilizing the ecosystem、maintaining ecological balance and sustainable development、 promoting the production of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry.Alfalfa was high-quality, high-yielding, drought-resistant, adaptable perennial leguminous forage that was the largest artificial pasture in China and has a long history in the Northwest Territories.In recent years,with the development of night-soil control measures and post-harvest processing technology,the area of drip irrigation alfalfa was gradually increased,it would become a new tendency in the future.The alfalfa yield of drip irrigation improved greatly by costing high fertilizer in Shihezi Reclamation,phosphorus played a vital role on the alfalfa growing and developing, increasing the content of available phosphorus by biological measures in the soil was a key issues that needed to be addressed in the drip irrigation alfalfa production.Many studies showed the Mycorrhiza that AMF and host was formed could promote the absorption of all kinds of nutritional elements, obviously the absorption of phosphorus,biological method was the best way to improve the utilization of phosphorus in the drip irrigation of alfalfa through AM fungus.In this study,the rhizosphere AM fungi of alfalfa in the Oasis(Shihezi Reclamation)was used as the research object to investigate the resource of AM fungus-. the relation to soil factors and the effect of dominant AM fungus that alfalfa were inoculated,it could lay the foundation of the utilization of mycorrhizae fertilizer in the drip irrigation of alfalfa for the future.Reached the following main conclusions:1.There are34species belong to3genera:6to the Acaulospora,14to the Glomus,4to the Scutellaspora.2.The AM fungi diversity was very abundant in the Oasis((Shihezi Reclamation). Rhizosphere AM species were most in142sample plot(11species),in the133sample plot,there were only two species.The Glomus were distributed all simple plots,it was a dominant fungus,the second was Acaulospora, Scutellaspora was a rare species.3.The density of rhizosphere AM fungal spores of alfalfa were significant difference in different simple plots,with the difference of soil,the density of spores were obviously different.The highest spore density level was found between10-20cm,the spore density between0-10cm was higher than20-30cm.In the142simple plot,the spore density was higher than other simple plots.4.The AM fungus spore density was frequently related to soil factors.The value of PH and the content of salt were significantly negatively correlated with spore density,the content of nitrogen,available P, K and organic matter were inordinately positive correlation with spore density.5.The alfalfa that was inoculated by AM fungus could promote growth and development,but the promotion was different between different fungus,the effect of inoculation treatment was higher than control. G.i was significantly promoted the underground growth of alfalfa,but G.m was significantly promoted the overground growth of alfalfa.6.The content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the inoculation treatment was higher than control, the content of phosphorus that inoculated G,i was higher than other treatments,the content of nitrogen that inoculated G.m was highest.7. The treatment of inoculating G m has greatest colonization and spore density, it showed that has higher affinity, symbiotic and sporulation with alfalfa. |
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