Research On The Environmental Bearing Capacity Of The Honghu Wetland Nature Reserve Ecotourism

With the rapid development of tourism. there are a series of environmental and social issues. Ensure the sustainable development of tourism, must take into account various impacts of tourism economic activity on the environment. Ecotourism as an environment suitable for using resources. It is a useful method to solve the contradictory between natural resources and environmental protection.Wetland eco-tourism is a wetland resource-based tourism activity, the vulnerability of its ecological environment made the contradiction particularly prominent. As the reflection of the degree of ecological environment,tourism environmental capacity is a measure to decide whether the tourist activity level is reasonable or not, and it also an important indicator to reflect whether the tourism development and ecological environment developed in a harmonious way. Honghu wetland,as a wetland of international importance and conservation area,should be to protect the ecology, tourism in the protected areas only moderate utilization and control of development, in the rise of tourism development, more need to balance the relationship between the two, this report choose it status as the study case, taking into account the actual and geographical situation of the Honghu wetlands, using an integrated index method, sampling surveys and the collection of data on it, combined with a component of tourism environmental carrying capacity and comprehensive measurement model to calculate,the results are follows:The Honghu wetlands under the eco-tourism environment carrying capacity (TEBC) for7040per day,8174person per day is determined by the economic and environmental carrying capacity (SEBC), resources, space, carrying capacity (REBC), eco-environmental carrying capacity (EEBC) of8898people per day psycho-social carrying capacity (PEHC) temporarily regarded as infinite, can not be considered. According to the annual effective travel time is150days, the overall carrying value of1.056million per year. According to2007～2011year the average reception rate is393000person-time, in accordance with the rational annual capacity1056000person-time calculation, the average load rate of reserve of about0.37, the average daily volume of tourists is about3138person per day, days of bearing capacity is7040 person per day, carrying rate in0.6-0.85is suitable for loading, occupy reasonable capacity44.6%, shows that there are55.4%reception potential.Through the analysis of the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of Honghu Wetland Nature Reserve tourists. The conclusion is that it has uneven distribution of traffic in time and space. According to statistical analysis of existing the Honghu tourist data, the performance of its tourism environmental loading ratio annual average weak contained low season for tourism is a serious underload, the tourist season fitness load, the peak tourist overload. In addition, occasional peak day of the component carrying capacity overload situation, almost no tourism environmental carrying capacity bottlenecks. Last, under the analysis of the basic control principle, combined with the actual situation of the wetlands, we can raise some more feasible and effective improvements.The empirical analysis shows that the evaluation theory and calculation method used in this study proved the environmental carrying capacity of Ecotourism is more feasible in practice. Through the study of Honghu Wetland Nature Reserve ecotourism environmental capacity provide an objective basis of its tourism resources development and utilization of short-term protection and long-term planning, but also for future wetland tourism-related research to provide a certain reference.