Effects Of Applying Different Kinds Of Potassium Fetrilizers On Soil Nutrient, Growth And Quality Of Flue-cured Tobacco

This paper studied the effects of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizerson soil nutrient, growth and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The experiment was conducted infield and the flue-cured tobacco zhongyan100was used as the material. The main results are asfollows:1. Effect of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizers on soil nutrient at differentgrowth stages of tobacco.The treatment which used the efficient potassium fertilizers has great influence on variousnutrient indexes of tobacco soil. The efficient potassium fertilizers (efficient potassium fertilizerone, efficient potassium fertilizer five) which added much biochar is suitable for acid soil, butthe efficient potassium fertilizers (efficient potassium fertilizer two, efficient potassium fertilizerthree, efficient potassium fertilizer four) which added much humic acid is suitable for alkalinesoil. The contents of alkali-hydro nitrogen, available phosphorus, rapidly-available potassiumand organic matter in tobacco soil are high during the latter growth of tobacco if the efficientpotassium fertilizers added much biochar. The contents of alkali-hydro nitrogen, availablephosphorus, rapidly-available potassium and organic matter in tobacco soil are high if theefficient potassium fertilizers added much humic acid.2. Effects of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizers on botanical characters at differentgrowth stage.Compared with the treatment which did not use potassium fertilizers, the tobacco oftreatment which used potassium fertilizers can grow biger. The leaf area is larger and thenumber is more. Compared with the treatment which used conventional potassium fertilizers,the treatment which used the efficient potassium fertilizers can promote growth anddevelopment during the latter growth of tobacco. Overall, compared with the conventionalpotassium fertilizers, the efficient potassium fertilizers can improve the agronomic traits oftobacco, but the effect is not significant.3. Effects of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizers on some physiological indices offlue-cured tobacco.The effects of different potassium fertilizer had significant differences on content of plastid pigment, activity of nitrate of reductase and invertase activity of flue-cured tobacco leaves atdifferent growth stage. Compared with K1(conventional potassium fertilizer), K2(slow-releasepotassium fertilizer) improved the carbon metabolism in all growth stages of flue-cured tobaccoand the nitrogen metabolism in maturity stage. K3(conventional potassium fertilizer+slow-release potassium fertilizer) and K4(conventional potassium fertilizer+slow-releasepotassium fertilizer+fulvic acid potassium) improved the contents of plastid pigment and thelevel of carbon-nitrogen metabolism. However, the contents of chl and activity of nitratereductase in flue-cured tobacco leaves of T3is still high in maturity stage, which impede thenitrogen metabolism transform into carbon metabolism timely and the tobacco leaves maturenormally. T4not only improved the contents of plastid pigment and the level of carbon-nitrogenmetabolism in early growth stages of flue-cured tobacco leaves, but also promoted the nitrogenmetabolism transform into carbon metabolism timely and the tobacco leaves mature normally.4. Effects of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizers on dry matter accumulation andpotassium content of flue-cured tobacco.Compared with the treatment which used conventional potassium fertilizers, the treatmentwhich used the efficient potassium fertilizers can accumulate more dry matter. With the tobaccogrowth and development, the difference becomes lager. The effect of T1and T2is more obvious,while the T4and T5slightly more effective. The results showed that using biochar or humicacid to produce the efficient potassium fertilizers can improve dry matter accumulation oftobacco plant, but excessive use of biochar and humic don’t conducive to the accumulation ofdry matter of tobacco plant. Compared with the treatment which used conventional potassiumfertilizers, the treatment which used the efficient potassium fertilizers has high potassiumcontents during the latter growth of tobacco. It showed that the efficient potassium fertilizers canincrease potassium contents of tobacco, and T1has the most obvious effect. In general, thetreatment which used the efficient potassium fertilizers can accumulate more dry matter increasethe accumulation of dry matter and potassium content in different parts of tobacco plant, whilethe T1treatment is the best.5. Effects of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizers on contents of petroleum etherextracts and plastid pigment.Compared with the conventional potassium fertilizers, the efficient potassium fertilizerscan improve the contents of petroleum ether extracts in cured tobacco leaves, but the differenceis not significant. Overall, T1had the best effect. Compared with the T0treatment, the treatmentwhich used the efficient potassium fertilizers can improve the contents of plastid pigment incured tobacco leaves. It is conducive to form more aroma substances in cured tobacco leaveslater in the alcoholization process. The contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid in upper leaves in T4are the highest, while the highest content in cutters is T1.6. Effects of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizers on chemical components influe-cured tobacco leavesCompared with the K1treatment, the treatment which used the slow-release potassiumfertilizer and the combined application of other different kinds of potassium fertilizersignificantly improved the potassium content, ratio of potassium to chlorine and ratio ofreducing sugar to total sugar in cured tobacco leaves. The chemical composition in curedtobacco leaves tends to be more coordinating.Compared with the conventional potassium fertilizers, the efficient potassium fertilizers canimprove the contents of total nitrogen and nicotine in cured tobacco leaves, thereby increasing thestrength and the irritation of tobacco. The ratio of nitrogen to nicotine and the ratio of total sugarto nicotine were reduced and potassium content in cured tobacco leaves was increased. Thechemical composition in cured tobacco leaves of T1tends to be the most coordinating.Compared with the T0treatment, T1treatment improved the contents of reducing sugar, totalsugar and ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar. The T1treatment also reduced the ratio of totalsugar to nicotine and total nitrogen to nicotine. It also improved the ratio of potassium to chlorine,which is higher than any other treatment. Other treatment which used the efficient potassiumfertilizers except T1can also promote the chemical composition in cured tobacco leaves to bemore coordinating, but the effect is less slightly than T1.7. Effects of applying different kinds of potassium fertilizers on aroma constituents in flue-curedtobacco leaves.Compared with the K1treatment, the treatment which used the slow-release potassiumfertilizer and the combined application of other different kinds of potassium fertilizersignificantly improved the contents of aroma constituents. The treatment T2and T3increasedcontents of total amount of aroma constituents except neophytadiene and most kinds of aroma,but the content of neophytadiene is lower than K1treatment. Compared with the K1treatment,the content of all types of aroma and most kinds of aroma in K4is higher. So, the quality andflavor in K4is the best.Compared with the T0treatment, the treatment which used efficient potassium fertilizerscan obvious affect the content of aroma constituents. The treatment which used the efficientpotassium fertilizers could obvious improved degraded products of plastid pigment. Overall, thecontents and quality of aroma constituents of T1is the best, followed by T3.