Effects Of Different Fertilization Ways On Growth,Yield And Quality Of Sun-cured Red Tobacco In Chang Chun

In2012, using Dayehuang of sun-cured red tobacco as tasting variety. Taken the experimentsof the effects of different N, P, K fertilizer on sun-cured red tobacco’s growth and product qualityand the effects of different proportion of organic fertilizer on sun-cured red tobacco’s growth andproduct quality in Nongan county, Changchun city, Jilin province. The results as follow:1The effects of different proportion of N, P and K fertilizer on accumulation of trace elements’sgrowth and product quality.The treatments of dry matter accumulation were significantly higher than the treatmentwithout fertilization in all living period, and the root, stem, leaves and whole plant dry matteraccumulation changes showed an "S" shaped curve. With the increase in the amount of fertilizer,tobacco plant dry matter accumulation as well.It has little effect on petroleum ether extract bydifferent proportion of N, P and K; the accumulation of trace elements of sun-cured red tobacco inthe whole growth period was Na>Mn>Fe>B>Zn>Cu, and as for4kinds of major element wasK>Ca>P>Mg. At the end of living period, the4kinds of major element in different organ showedthat leaf> stem> root. Under different fertilizer levels, nicotine, total nitrogen proteins’ contentshowed an increasing trend with increasing level of fertilization. As for the same level offertilization, nicotine, total nitrogen and proteins raised with parts of leaves, that is upper leaves>middle leaves. Under different fertilizer levels, the total sugar and reducing sugar contentincreased with increasing amount of nitrogen. As for the same level of fertilization, the content oftotal sugar showed that middle leaves> upper leaves. Therefore, considered from the site of thechemical composition showed that indicators of the middle leaves better than the upper leaves andlower leaves. The nicotine content increased with increasing amount of fertilizer, but the totalsugar content increased with the increase in the amount of fertilizer. Under different fertilizerlevels, sugar/alkali decreased with fertilization level increases. It is showed that under differentlevels of fertilization, the balance between the chemical compositions of tobacco changedaccordingly, and thus it has an impact on the quality of tobacco leaves. From different treatmentsof N, P and K amount, there were35kinds of aroma substances was measured in cured tobacco,and the content of total amount of aroma were higher in T5and T8, and that of T2was thelowest. It was showed that supplying higher nitrogen helps to increase total amount of aroma in local sun-cured red tobacco. With the increased in the amount of fertilizer, all parts of the tobaccoleaf length and width, single leaf weight and leaf quality showed increasing trend with the increaseof the amount of fertilizer.It had a significant effect on economic traits of sun-cured red tobacco bysupplying different proportion of N, P and K. The highest yields of each treatment was T5,followed by T4, the lowest was T1, and compared with T1treatment, T5was835kg/hm2higher.Overall, there was no significant difference between treatments in different proportion of N, P andK; however, both of them have a significant difference with T1.The test results show that T8which has N, P and K90kg/hm2、108kg/hm2、198kg/hm2respectively showed the best effect on tobacco plants.2the effects of different proportion of organic fertilizer on sun-cured red tobacco’s growth andproduct qualityIt is different on growth conditions that the fertilizer has different organic fertilizerproportion. Overall, with the proportion of organic fertilizer increased,tobacco leaf dry weightand total dry weight of the treatment of organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer are the highest,both of which count50%of the total amount of nitrogen. Tobacco plant dry matter accumulationwill be reduced, if excessive organic fertilizer. Therefore, reasonable proportion of organic andinorganic fertilizer is prone to ensure nutrient supply in later growth of tobacco leaves, and helpsto improve the yields and qualities.It has a significant effect on the content of Mineral elements of tobacco plants by differentproportion of organic fertilizer. P，K，Mg，Mn，Cu，Zn in root, stem and leaf was increasedrespectively with the increase of organic fertilizer’s proportion, while the content of Ca，Fe，Bshowed an opposite trend. It was Correlation Analysis between different organic fertilizerproportion and content of nutrient in tobacco plant; it was showed that Mn，Zn in root, K，Mn，Zn in stem, P，K，Mg，Mn，Cu in leaf had a significant positive correlation with the amount oforganic fertilizer, while Fe in root and stem and Ca，Fe，B in leaf showed a significant negativecorrelation with the amount of organic fertilizer. It is showed that increase the quality of organicmanure and inorganic fertilizer ratio had different degrees of improvement effect on P，K，Mg，Mn，Cu，Zn in sun-cured red tobacco, however, it would lower the degrees of Ca，Fe，B. Therefore,it should be noticed to supply Ca，Fe and B when organic fertilizer was supplying to the field.Sugar content and potassium content was increased with the mount of organic fertilizer increasedin the treatments, which showed that organic fertilizer helps to accumulate the mount of sugar, andsupplying with chemical fertilizer was better. Nicotine content in a certain extent regularly reduceswith the increase in the content of organic fertilizer, especially to upper leaf. This shows that theapplication of organic fertilizer is prone to reduce the nicotine content. The total nitrogen content of different parts of leaves showed first decreased and then slightly increased trend with thedecline in the content of inorganic fertilizer and increases the content of organic fertilizer.T4hadthe largest the total amount of aroma in all treatments with application of, and T1which did notapply organic fertilizer had the smallest mount of aroma. Organic fertilizer can increase the upperleaf alcohols, aldehydes and ketones aroma substances. Overall, organic fertilizer can improve thetotal mount of aroma in the upper leaves.It had a significant effect on economic traits of sun-curedred tobacco by supplying different proportion of organic fertilizer.Sun-cured red tobaccoeconomic traits at first increases and then decreases trend with reduction in the amount ofinorganic fertilizer and increase in the mount of organic fertilizer. There was a significantdifference between the treatments by supplying organic fertilizer and T1, which only supplyinorganic fertilizer. The upper and middle proportion of all organic fertilizer was better than nofertilizer and inorganic fertilizers treatments. Comprehensive analysis showed that50%of thefertilizer+50%organic fertilizers of tobacco yields, quality and economic efficiency is the mostreasonable, the best, and the most suitable for the cultivation of tobacco production.The test results showed that the application of the50%of the inorganic nitrogen+50%organic nitrogen ratios (T4treatment) was the best treatment to affect the performance of thegrowth of tobacco plant.