Effect Of Tea Plant Physiological Characteristics And Quality Under Different Fertilizer Treatments

In this paper, the TieGuanYin tea was used as material, spraying method wasused to research the effect of different fertilizer on physiological characteristics of tea,and the influence on the yield and quality. The results of physiological characteristicsshowed that the leaves, shoot density, leaf area, hundred-bud weight were4.66-leaf,69.93×10^-3m²,10.18cm²,75.12g, respective under basic fertilizer treatment. Afterfertilizer-water treatment, they were4.67-leaf,70.13×10^-3m²,10.10cm²,77.08g,respective. while using fertilizer-urea treatment, they increased to4.72-leaf,75.20×10^-3m²,10.94cm²,81.78g, respectively. The results suggested thatfertilizer-urea treatment was better than other treatment to growth of tea brush.Fertilizer-water treatment was the second, and basic fertilizer treatment was the worstin the three treatments. The results of the yield after basic fertilizer, fertilizer-waterand fertilizer-urea treatments were161.3kg/mu,167.76kg/mu,177.66kg/mu,respective. This trend was consistent with the results of physiological characteristics.Analysis of tea photosynthesis physiological showed that the photosyntheticrate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO₂concentration, and transpiration rate oftea under basic fertilizer treatment was32μmol m-2·s^-1,0.68mol （H2O）·m-2·s^-1,335.4μmol（CO₂）·mol^-1,12.8（H2O）·m-2·s^-1,49SPAD, respectively and there was39μmol m-2·s^-1,0.84mol（H2O）·m-2·s^-1,351.2μmol（CO₂）·mol^-1,14.6（H2O）·m-2·s^-1,58SPAD, respectively, under fertilizer-water treatment, while using fertilizer-ureatreatment, they increased to45μmol m-2·s^-1,0.95mol （H2O）·m-2·s^-1,397.6μmol（CO₂）·mol^-1,17.9（H2O）·m-2·s^-1,65SPAD, respectively. The resultssuggested that using fertilizer-urea could enhance the photosynthesis physiological oftea.The different responses of physiological characters of tea indicated that unerasic fertilizer treatment, the activity of superoxide dimutase, peroxidase, and catalasewas3.46[unit·mg^-1（pro）],2.69[△OD470min^-1·mg^-1（pro）,3.01[mg （H2O2）·min^-1·mg^-1（pro）], respectively. Under fertilizer-water treatment, there was3.78[unit·mg^-1（pro）],2.82[△OD470min^-1·mg^-1（pro）],3.32[mg （H2O2）·min^-1·mg^-1（pro）], respectively. But,under fertilizer-urea treatment, there was4.25[unit·mg^-1（pro）],3.01[△OD470 min^-1·mg^-1（pro）],3.79[mg （H2O2）·min^-1·mg^-1（pro）], respectively. The resultssuggested that using fertilizer-urea could increase the physiological characters of tea.The results of nutrient content in tea leaves showed that the contents of nitrogen,phosphorus, potassium were2.53g/kg,1.96g/kg,4.81g/kg, respective under basicfertilizer treatment, and there were2.73g/kg,1.98g/kg,4.86g/kg under fertilizer-watertreatment, while using fertilizer-urea treatment, they increased to2.73g/kg,2.00g/kg,4.90g/kg, respectively. The results indicated that fertilizer-water and Fertilizer-ureatreatments had the maximum nitrogen content. The analysis results of chemicalcomposition in tea leaves showed that the contents of fresh leaf moisture, waterextract, soluble sugar, tea poly phenols and free amino acid were77.95%,36.80%,6.75%,23.72%,3.96%, respective under basic fertilizer treatment, and the dates wererespective78.14%,35.45%,7.34%,22.34%,3.88%under fertilizer-water treatment,while using fertilizer-urea treatment, they increased to80.22%,35.04%,7.03%,22.66%,3.99%, respectively. Different spraying treatments had little effect onchemical composition of tea leaves.The sense organ of primary tea had some differences, basic fertilizer,fertilizer-water and fertilizer-urea treatments were85.25,76.5, and82.5, respectively.The result showed that fertilizer-water treatment affected the sense organ of tea leaf,especially the aroma and taste.In conculsion, the effect of tea physiological characteristics, yield and qualityafter spraying different fertilizers showed that spraying appropriate concentration ofurea, can increase shoot density and leaf area, thereby effectively improving the yieldof tea, without affecting the quality.