Effects Of Applying Different Amount And Proportion Of Ca, S Fertilizer On Physiological Characteristics,Yield And Quality In Peanut

The experiment was carried out in the high yield field of shandong agriculturaluniversity experimental station. With606as materials, the experimental studied on the effectsof different applying amount and proportion of Ca and S fertilizer on physiologicalcharacteristics, yield and quality in peanut. The main research results were as follows:1Effects of applying different amount of Ca fertilizer on physiological characteristics, yieldand quality in peanutThe application of Ca fertilizer could shorten the main stem height and branch length,raised chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate. Applying Ca fertilizer obviously increasedcatalase （CAT） activity, decreased the accumulation of malondialdehyde （MDA）, increasedperoxidase （POD）, superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity, delayed the senescence of leaves.The activities of Nitrate reductase （NR）, glutamine synthetase （GS）, glutamate dehydrogenase（GDH）, aspertate aminotransferase （GOT） and third transaminase （GPT） were improvedobviously by applying Ca fertilizer. Applying Ca promoted nitrogen metabolism and proteinsynthesis. It showed that the300kg· ha^-1Ca application had the best effect. In addition,applying Ca fertilizer significantly increased the Ca content in the vegetative organs, thecontent of Ca in kernel shell had an increasing trend, and there was no obvious effect on thecontent of Ca in the reproductive organs.Applying Ca fertilizer mainly increased the pods per plant, pod weight and kernel rat,significantly increased the pod yield. It showed that yield increased23.57%by300kg·ha^-1Ca.The Ca treatment increased the content of protein, fat and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleicacid （O/L） in peanut kernel with300kg·ha^-1Ca effecting best.2Effects of applying different amount of S fertilizer on physiological characteristics, yieldand quality in peanutThe main stem height and branch length were lengthened by application of S fertilizer,and70kg ha^-1S application had best result. The application of S fertilizer raised Chlorophyllcontent and photosynthetic rate, significantly increased the activities of peroxidase （POD）,catalase （CAT）, superoxide dismutase （SOD）, and decreased the accumulation of malondialdehyde （MDA）. Applying S fertilizer obviously raised the activities of glutaminesynthetase （GS）, nitrate reductase （NR）, glutamate dehydrogenase （GDH）, glutamate synthase（incorporated）, increased aspertate aminotransferase （GOT）, third transaminase （GPT） activity,and40kg· ha^-1S application acquired best effect. The nitrogen metabolism and proteinsynthesis were promoted by S application. It showed that applying S fertilizer significantlyincreased the S content in leaf, stem and seed kernel and no obvious effect in kernel shell.Applying S fertilizer increased the pod yield and it was increased28.73%by40kg·ha^-1S.The pods per plant, pod weight and kernel rat were increased. The S treatment not onlyincreased the content of fat and protein in peanut kernel, but also increased the ratio of oleicacid to linoleic acid （O/L）. It showed that40kg·ha^-1S application acquired the best quality.3Effects of different proportion of Ca and S fertilizer treatments on physiologicalcharacteristics, yield and quality in peanutThe application of different proportion of Ca and S could shorten the main stem heightand branch length, raised Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate, that Ca₃₀₀S₁₀had besteffect. The application of different proportion of Ca and S obviously increased the superoxidedismutase （SOD） activity, decreased the accumulation malondialdehyde （MDA） content, andincreased the catalase （CAT）, peroxidase （POD） activity. Applying different proportion of Caand S fertilizer significantly increased nitrate reductase （NR）, glutamine synthetase （GS）,glutamate synthetase （incorporated） and glutamate dehydrogenase （GDH） activity, andCa₃₀₀S₁₀had the best effect. And there was no obvious effect in aspertate aminotransferaseactivity （GOT） and third transaminase （GPT）. In addition, under the condition of150kg·ha^-1Ca application, applying S fertilizer increased the Ca content in leaves and stems, the restwere decreased in different degrees. Applying different proportion of Ca and S fertilizerobviously increased the S content in kernels, and reduced S content in leaf, stem, root, kernelshell.The yield increased15.99%by Ca₃₀₀S₁₀, the pods per plant, pod weight, kernel rat werealso increased. Applying different proportion of Ca and S fertilizer increased the content ofprotein, fat and the ratio of oleic acid to linoleic acid （O/L）. It was showed that proteincontent of Ca450S10was the highest, fat content of Ca150S70was the largest.In this experiment, the yield-increasing effect of fertilizers was S＞Ca＞Ca, S. Thekernel quality was S＞Ca, S＞Ca.