| Cotoneaster schantungensis Klotz. was the plant which was endemic to Shandongprovince.，and only distributed in the mountain area of southern Ji’nan. Two populations ofCotoneaster schantungensis were sampled for conservation biology study, and the studieswere carried out by community structure, phenotypic diversity, and genetic diversity.Based on the field investigation on the typical sample plots of Cotoneasterschantungensis Community in the southern mountains of Jinan, the composition, structure,relatively density, relatively frequency and important values were analyzed. The resultsshowed that there were64species; belong to30families and55genera in this community.The distribution nature of the dominant species and nondominant species was characterizedby species abundance and Raunkiaer frequency law. In the community common species hasobvious advantages in abundance, and rare species are fewer, and species are distributed moreevenly. Community structure can be divided into four layers. The dominant species in the treelayer were common smoketree, arborvitae, Carpinus turczaninowii, with the important value(IV) about9.64%,3.47%,2.79%,9.35%respectively; the dominant species in the shrub layerwere Cotoneaster schantungensis Klotz., Fructus Forsythiae, Viburnum schensianum,Leptopus chinensis, Grewia biloba with the IV about15.31%,5.57%,3.07%,2.53%and2.32%respectively. The species of herbaceous layer are rich and Hispid arthraxon isdominate species in this layer. The inter stratum plants are simple, and the hierarchicalstructure is simple with clear hierarchy.Two populations of Cotoneaster schantungensis were analyzed using morphologicalmarkers. Morphological diversities among/within populations were carried on the traits of leaflength, leaf width, leaf length/width of leaf, petiole length, leaf length/petiole length andLateral veins logarithm. The difference of Cotoneaster schantungensis phenotypic traitsamong populations and within populations is significant. The mean phenotypic differentiationcoefficient VST was56.9038%, showing that the variation among populations is higher than the variation within populations.Sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was conducted to assess the geneticdiversity of16wild germ plasms of Cotoneaster schantungensis Klotz.. Twelve primer pairsproduced93loci of which91were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic loci was97.85%. At species level, the average Nei’s genetic diversity (H) was0.2213and theShannon’s information index (I) was0.3596, and at population level, the percentage ofpolymorphic loci was75.27%, the average Nei’s genetic diversity (H) was0.1955and theShannon’s information index (I) was0.3121. The genetic differentiation coefficient inpopulations (Gst) was0.0788, gene flow Nm is5.8467, which showed that there were7.88%of variances in populations, the variation within population is larger than among populations.The main reason of Cotoneaster schantungensis being endangered is the highadaptability to suitable habitat, Cotoneaster schantungensis Klotz. Loves shade, high canopydensity. So, appropriate environment is very important in the situ, ex-situ conservation ofCotoneaster schantungensis Klotz.Rosa rugosa Thunb. is valuable germplasm for breeding cultivated roses，which hadbeen ranked as the secondary protected plants of our country. Rosa rugosa populations ofShandong Muping and Rongcheng were sampled for conservation biology study, and thestudies were carried out by community structure, phenotypic diversity, and genetic diversity.The composition of Rosa rugosa Thunb.population is very simple, and the number ofspecies is small. The dominant species in the tree layer is Pinus thunbergii Parlatore, andRosa rugosa Thunb in the shrub layer, the kind of other associated plants is very few. Theresearch on morphological differences of Rosa rugosa fruit was carried on Yantai Mupingpopulation, there are smooth fruit and stabbed fruit, and the shape of fruit are sphere andellipsoid, and sphere fruit is far more than ellipsoid fruit.Sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was conducted to assess the geneticdiversity of19wild germ plasms of Rosa rugosa Thunb. Thirteen primer pairs produced105loci of which104were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic loci was99.05%. Atspecies level, the average Nei’s genetic diversity (H) was0.2521and the Shannon’sinformation index (I) was0.4004, and at population level, the percentage of polymorphic lociwas68.89%, the average Nei’s genetic diversity (H) was0.2086and the Shannon’s information index (I) was0.3230. The genetic differentiation coefficient in populations (Gst)was0.1740, gene flow Nm is2.3735, which showed that there were17.40%of variances inpopulations, the variation within population is larger than among populations.The main reason of Rosa rugosa being endangered is the development of coastaleconomic, the impact of human, rather than the internal cause of populations. Theconservation procedure of Rosa rugosa can be carried out in situ conservation, ex-situconservation, vitro protection three aspects. |
