Morphological Variation And Nutrient Composition Analysis Of Rosa Rugosa Thunb Fruit In Hunchun,Jilin Province

Rosa rugosa Thunb.which belongs to the genus Rosa,Rosaceae family,is a deciduous scrub.Compared with the Rosa rugosa in the coastal areas of southern Liaoning and eastern Shandong,the morphological variation of Rosa rugosa population in Hunchun area of Jilin Province is the most abundant.1200 plants of Rosa rugosa Thunb from Hunchun were randomly sampled,and 5 gradient sampling populations consisting of 40,80,120,160,200 individual plants were randomly selected,making a total of 200 of Rosa rugosa.The genetic diversity index of 19 morphological characters of Rosa rugosa was calculated under different sampling gradients,and the degree of morphological variation was analyzed.The nutritional components of 40 Rosa rugosa and 4 plus strain were analyzed to explore whether the nutritional components of fruit were different among different lines in the population.And provide theoretical basis and data support for the future breeding of edible roses,ornamental roses and oil roses.The main research results are as follows:Rosa rugosa Thunb.single fruit weight,b* value,pulp weight,seed net weight,1000-grain weight,single fruit seed number,petiole prickly condition,fruit prickly condition,fruit shape variation,the coefficient of variation is more than 20%.The fruit of Rosa rugosa Thunb.is red or yellow.The coefficient of variation of numerical trait index of Rosa rugosa Thunb.is between 4.71 and 36.31%.Each morphological trait is independent and closely related to each other.The fruit shape of Rosa rugosa Thunb.was mainly flat globular fruit,the fruit was punctured with less spines,and the fruit stalk was punctured with less spines.Among them,the average single fruit weight can reach about 10.21 g.The average edible rate of fruit is about 85%,which is an ideal material for breeding edible roses.The shape variation of Rosa rugosa Thunb.is also very rich.It has nearly spherical fruit,spherical fruit,pear-shaped fruit,inverted pear-shaped fruit and round table-shaped fruit.Its fruit has very high ornamental value and has the potential to develop into garden ornamental plants in the future.2.By calculating the genetic diversity index of Rosa rugosa Thunb.under different sampling quantity,the optimal sampling strategy of Rosa rugosa Thunb.population was preliminarily explored.We found that the genetic diversity index of all morphological traits of Rosa rugosa Thunb.was at the lowest value when the sampling number was 40.The average genetic diversity of 80,120 and 160 strains was increasing.The average genetic diversity index of 200 Rosa rugosa Thunb.reached the maximum.Based on the results of the research on the genetic diversity of Rosa rugosa Thunb.,it is suggested that the number of samples in the population should be higher than 40 when sampling the genetic diversity of rosa.In the study of roses,flexible sampling strategy should be adopted according to the characteristics of the studied traits,and the sample size should be increased appropriately to better reflect their genetic diversity level.3.There were some differences in nutrient contents among different strains in rose population.From the nutritional content.The nutrient contents of 40 rose species were different.The vitamin C content of fruit is between 426.6-986.29 mg/100 g.Total flavonoids content was between 237.59-633.68mg/100 g.Total phenol content was between832-1491.13mg/100 g.The titratable acid is between 1.62%-2.52%.Soluble sugar is between 5.88%-11.72%.The sugar-acid ratio is between 2.64-6.42.The content of soluble solids was between 10.75%-15.98%.Through correlation analysis,Among them,A significant negative correlation between vitamin C and seed weight,A significant negative correlation between vitamin C and seed count,There was a significant correlation between the spines and the total flavonods,There was a significant correlation between total phenol and 1000-grain weight.Therefore,The yield and nutrient content should be considered comprehensively in the future rose production practice.4.The oil content of rose seeds was high,and the sum of linoleic acid relative content and linolenic acid relative amount of four excellent lines and mixed samples was between72.05-75.33.The highest oil yield of rose was You 1,the oil yield of You 3 was the lowest.