Countermeasures For Supervision And Management Of Soil And Water Conservation Of Plain In The Huaihe River Basin

Soil and water loss is not only present in the hilly area, windy areas and sandy area, butalso present in the plain area, but the form of soil erosion, characteristic and hazard aredifferent. Due to the plain area microgeomorphology type is complex, human activitiesinterference is fierce, so soil and water loss in the plain area is increasingly serious.Takingthe Huaihe River Basin plain as the research object, through data collection,analysing themain reasons and characteristic of soil and water loss in the plain area, taking a leading factormethod to establish the the partition index system of the plain area, dividing the Huaihe RiverBasin plain types, analysing the various plains the basic characteristics, proposing theimportant supervision and management content of the plain area, and according to differentregions of supervision content, putting forward different supervision and managementmeasures.The main research results showed that:1.Analysing the main reasons of soil and water loss in the Huaihe River Basin plain area.Main reasons are:(1) the agricultural cultivation and drainage field,(2) the gully erosion andslope collapse,(3) the sediment deposition in Yellow River irrigated area (4) the soil andwater loss in production and construction project.2.Putting forward the scheme for dividing the plain type. According to zoning indexsystem of the Huaihe River Basin plain area, employing the combination of quantitative andqualitative methods, putting forward the scheme for dividing the Huaihe River Basin plaintype. Plain partition index indicators are: the plain area causes indicators (the fluvialintolandscape, the lake water into landscape, the sea into landscape), the landscapetopography indicators (altitude,topography, geomorphology), soil types, etc. Plain area isnamed:"geographic location"+"micro landform type"+plains. Named:I The Yimeng mountain piedmont plain areaII The Yellow universal Aeolian plain areaIII The Funiu mountain Piedmont plain areaIV The Tongbai-Dabie mountain piedmont plain areaVI The Huaibei plain area VI The Huaihai hilly island plain areaVII The Jianghuai hilly plain areaVIII The Jianghuai downstream river network plain area3.Proposing the important supervision and management area of soil and waterconservation in the different types.Important supervision and management area includes:ecological function areas and ecological fragile areas. Ecological function areas include:(1)flood channel area,(2) water quality maintenance area,(3) flood regulation and storage area,(4) shoreline protected areas,(5) ecological maintenance area. Ecological fragile areasinclude:(1) present ecological fragile area,(2) potential ecological fragile area,(3) theaggregation effect area of man-made soil and water loss.4.Putting forward different contents countermeasure and suggestion of the supervisionand management in the different plain areas. According to the laws and regulations on soiland water conservation,aimming at the key content of supervision and management in thedifferent plain areas, proposing countermeasure and suggestion of the supervision andmanagement in the plain area.