Studies On The Anther Culture Technology In Ornamental Pepper (Capsicum Frutescents Var. Fasciculatum)

Using anther culture to induce haploid plants and doubling the haploid can get the purifiedstrain that meets the breeding aim with good quality. Combined with other breeding means cangreatly shorten the breeding period and improve the breeding efficiency. However the efficiencyof capsicum anther culture keeps a low level. Considering this experiment through using differentgenotypes capsicum as the materials, the effects on anther culture of pretreatment conditions,culture medium and additive, plant growth regulators types and concentration were studied toexplore the best scheme of anther culture. The results were as follows.1. Through analysis of microspore development and flower bud morphological characteristicscorrelation of four capsicum varieties. We learn that, when half of the anther front and1/3of backshows purple, the flower bud at longitudinal diameter is3.744-4.067mm, the transverse diameterat2.319-3.142mm, most of the microspores are in late uninucleate.2. Using ’Apak’ as the material to research the effect that plant growth regulator have oncallus and embryoid induction. When the plant growth regulator levels are on KT1.0mg/L、6-BA0.5mg/L and NAA0.5mg/L, the callus and embryoid induction rates are the highest. Variousfactors had all a very significant effect on induction of callus, yet only KT reached a significant oninduction of embryoid.3. The genotypes of anther culture of capsicum results show that embryoid induction rate offour varieties have great differences, among which ’Huang cai jiao’ and ’Asia Dan’s induction rateis the lowest, only0.06%.’Apak’s induction rate is the highest at0.88%.4. After1-5days’ low temperature pretreatment the effect of capsicum anther culture haveobvious differences with control test. Compared with the influence of diverse genotypes antherculture with different pretreatments, the results as follows. High temperature treatment of ’Huangcai jiao’ and ’Asia Dan’s embryoid induction rate was obviously higher than that of lowtemperature treatment. The low temperature pretreatment of ’Apak’s anther culture efficiency isbetter than the high temperature treatment. The effect of ’Cherry Red’s anther culture with hightemperature pretreatment on3rd day is the best.5. The trial also conducted the statistical analysis of anther expansion rate and tissue browning in the process of capsicum anther culture. When the anther expansion rate is relativelyhigh and the embryoid induction rate is also higher. The anther browning degree increased withthe extension of pretreatment days.