Analysis Of Genetic Diversity Of Altay, Sunite And Wuranke Sheep Based On Ecological, Morphological Characteristics And Structural Loci

The morphology and ecology characters on seven sheep populations in China were studied to construct the principal component, the principal component values were studied with the hierarchical clustering method to analyze the genetic differentiation among populations. This study proved that the result of principal component analysis of morphology and ecology characters on some sheep populations in China was conformed to the result of the known sheep phylogenetic system in China. The ecology factor was also an important character for the breed region classification.This paper is studied with Altay, Sunite and Wuranke of seven structural loci obtained by "Random sampling in typical colonies of central area", and computed the genetic character among the3populations, the Heterozygosity, Polymorphism information content, Effective number of alleles. The Heterozygosity is0.3042,0.2942,0.3035; the PIC is0.2682,0.2595,0.2690; the Ne is1.9130,1.8577,1.9389.The result indicate that the three groups have Rich genetic diversity and all sites are moderately polymorphic structural loci, which can be used as effective markers for genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis of the relationship between sheep breeds."Random sampling in typical colonies of central area" is reliable which is an efficient sampling method in a particular genetic background, and is an extensive sampling method for genetic testing.Applying the method of simple random sampling in the typical colony of the central area of habitat, the genetic variation of5structural loci (Tf, Es, Hb-β, X-p, Ke) in blood proteins(enzyme) of Sunite sheep, Wurank sheep and Altay sheep were examined by using kinds of electrophoresis and Na/K/Cl analyzer, compared with those of24other sheep populations in China and other neighboring countries and areas were examined with the same experimental method by other scholars. The phylogenetic relationship of27populations were analysed based on the genetic distance. The results showed that:(1) The average heterozygosity of Sheep populations in this study was between0.4939to0.1952, the average was0.3954, the polymorphic information content valued between0.4256to0.1689, the average was0.3400, The effective numbers of alleles were between2.5138to1.3113, the average was1.9624. The degree of genetic differentiation at5structural loci detected was high.(2)The gene diversity of Tf, ES, Hb-β, X-p, Ke is0.618823,0.362704,0.508792,0.203946,0.282965; coefficient of gene differentiation is0.164839,0.151433,0.198758,0.116629,0.273234.(3) Sheep populations in this study could be classified into four genetic groups:"Mongolia sheep","Tibetan sheep","South Asia-Southeast Asia sheep" and "European sheep" and Sunite sheep, Wuranke sheep and Altay sheep belonged to "Mongolia sheep" group, however, Finnish Landrace sheep and Yunnan sheep did not belong to the four groups.