| Field experiment (using maize as an indicator crop) was conducted in the Farming Station of the Northwest A&F University (108°04’E,34°20’N) during2011-2012. Spring corn(Zea mays L.) was taken as the tested material, and the traditional irrigation methods of furrow irrigation and border irrigation as the control, the field study was conducted to determine the effect of RHWI on soil moisture status and Temperature, soil nutrient, the resistance of enzyme activity, yield, and the water use efficiency of corn. The results were concluded as follows:At the jointing stage of spring corn, among the treatment of pre-sowing irrigation, the average soil moisture within0-200cm soil depth of RHWI system was slightly lower than furrow irrigation and border irrigation in2years experiment, but there was no significant difference between them and it was increased1.51%,1.30%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation in2years experiment at the flowering stage;Among the treatment of flowering irrigation, the soil moisture of RHWI system was increased by6.73%and6.51%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation;Among the treatment of pre-sowing and flowering irrigation, the soil moisture of RHWI system was increased by5.81%and4.17%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation. At the filling stage of spring corn, among the treatment of pre-sowing irrigation, the average soil moisture within0～200cm soil depth of RHWI system was increased by8.42%and6.79%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation in2years; Among the treatment of flowering irrigation, the average soil moisture within0～200cm soil depth of RHWI system increased2.25%and3.38%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation in2years experiment; Among the treatment that irrigated at both pre-sowing and flowering stage, the average soil moisture within0～200cm soil depth of RHWI system was increased by5.11%,2.48%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation in2years experiment.At the harvest stage of spring corn, the difference between the average soil moisture within0～200cm soil depth of every treatment of RHWI system and furrow irrigation,border irrigation was not obvious in2years experiment. The measurement of the average temperature within0-25cm of plough layer during the grouth period maize showed that, from corn sowing to maturation,the soil temperature within0-25cm of plough layer of RHWI system was increased by0.95℃than the control in2years experiment.The measurement of the soil available nutrients at the harvest time of spring corn showed that, soil available nutrient contents (N, P and K) in topsoil was significantly increased with the influence of harvesting water and nutrition in planting furrows of PRFRH, and the increment was closely related to soil moisture content.Among the treatment of pre-sowing irrigation, the average soil available N content within0-60cm soil depth in2years experiment of RHWI system was increased by11.76%and18.45%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation,and the difference was significant. Among the treatment of flowering irrigation, the average soil available N content of RHWI system was increased by9.03%and3.51%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation. Among the treatment of irrigated at bothpre-sowing and flowering stage, the average soil available N content of RHWI system was increased by5.81%and4.17%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation.Among the treatment of pre-sowing irrigation, the average soil available P content within0-60cm soil depth in2years experiment of RHWI system was increased by22.39%and18.64%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation, and the difference was significant. Among the treatment of flowering irrigation, the average soil available N content of RHWI system was increased by13.28%and13.62%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation, and the difference was significant. Among the treatment that irrigated at both pre-sowing and flowering stage, the average soil available N content of RHWI system was increased by9.37%and3.50%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation.Among the treatment of pre-sowing irrigation, the average soil available K content within0-60cm soil depth in2years experiment of RHWI system was increased by11.15%(P<0.05) and8.52%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation.Among the treatment of flowering irrigation, the average soil available N content of RHWI system was increased by15.83%(P<0.05) and4.08%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation. Among the treatment that irrigated at both pre-sowing and flowering stage, the average soil available N content of RHWI system was increased by4.05%and2.93%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation.The RHWI system could ameliorate the drought stress. The MDA content of RHWI system was significantly reduced than the furrow irrigation and border irrigation, which reduced the peroxidation level of the membrane mesophyll cell; and the SOD and POD content of RHWI system was significantly reduced than furrow irrigation and border irrigation at the same time.It is showed that the drought stress of RHWI system was smaller than furrow irrigation and border irrigation.The yield of RHWI system was higher than the furrow irrigation and border irrigation, the difference with border irrigation was significant and the difference with furrow irrigation was not significant.The yield of RHWI system was increased by5.03%～15.45%than furrow irrigation, increased by14.57%-21.85%than furrow irrigation. The WUE and the water consumption of RHWI system was higher than furrow irrigation and border irrigation, and the difference was significant. The water consumption of RHWI system was significantly increased48.46%～65.22%and47.77%～67.97%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation, the WUE of RHWI system was significantly increased by28.41%～40.23%and39.58%～54.70%than furrow irrigation and border irrigation. |
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