The Design And Performance Test On Height Gap Narrow-Shaped Rubber Crawler And Wide Crop Protection Fertilization Machine For Dual-Purpose In Floods Or Droughts

Because conventional machine cannot work in the field, plant protection and fertilization homework for rice production depends mostly on manual operation or man-machine combination over the years, typically manual spray machine, knapsack motor mist machine and high pressure injection machine. It has low efficiency with high labor intensity and its quality is largely decided by artificial sense of responsibility and walking and manual evenness. Besides, it easily leads to safety accidents such as poisoning or heatstroke accidents. Large-scale production isn’t applicable, which constitutes a big problem on restricting high-yielding rice production and full mechanized production.Existing machine has great self weight and low gap, which can’t adapt to the operation of late rice and taller crops. Large high space shuttle spray machine from Europe and the US has good performance with advanced technology, but only suitable for the dry field work instead of the paddy field operation. Japan and South Korea use small four-wheel drive tractor to operate (sit-style transplanter). However, it does not accommodate the operation of late rice and taller crops because of low ground clearance, small power (only7-11horsepower) and narrow work width. Besides, the operation efficiency is low. It can only spay mist rather than do it while spreading manure. If you use the agricultural aviation operation, the cost is high and the spray does not meet the needs of control of diseases and pests in the fields. And the flight safety is affected by high tension lines and trees. As a result, we are in an urgent position to develop economical tools suitable for the operation of plant protection and manure spreading.According to the technical requirements and based on the analysis and summary of the current boom sprayer technology both in China and abroad, we have transformed the grasping grass machine and designed the general structure of tools and key components. Virtual prototype under the environment of Pro/E has been established. We also use ANSYS to test the strength of the key parts in the virtual prototype and conduct the truss mechanical analysis with knowledge of theoretical mechanics. The prototype with a reasonable structure has been finally formed. After we carry out the tractor periodic tests and performance test research, we come to the following conclusions and results.1、According to the project requirement, we purchase the TZM-20type wheel catch grass machine and test the working speed. And transform the tractor parts that do not conform to the project requirements. The transformation contents include:control unit reformation, chassis reformation, hydraulic circuit transformation and running system reform. After the transformation, the tractor has good performance characterized by high ground clearance, light self weight, wide caterpillar grounding area etc. The tractor has a closed cab, which protects the driver from being poisoned for chemical liquid.2、The overall design of machine has been given the specific design requirements. According to the design requirements, we properly arrange the position of the truss, and chemical box in the supporting tractor. The truss is placed in the front while the chemical box or manure spreader in the back, which makes the tractor balanced by the equality of weights from the front to the back.3、Put forward the design requirements of the running system and confirm the basic relation. Design, manufacture and assemble the key components such as:narrow type rubber track, drive and guide wheel, walking wheel, rack, bearing and so on. Triangle track height is1015mm while ground length is1200mm.4、Conduct the periodic performance test and evaluation and test the working speed on road and in fields. The results of the road survey are:the speed at Ⅰ gear is6km/h; Ⅱ gear11.8km/h; Ⅲ gear21.9km/h. The result of field measurement is:the speed is5.9km/h at Ⅰ gear. The tractor at Ⅱ gear could run in the fields, but with III gear, it can never start because it walks slowly in a difficult way for the heavy obstruction and being easily sunk. In order to test whether the tractor can adapt to the conditions in the special fields, we carry out experiments such as jumping across the ridges and ditches etc. The tests show that the tractor has strong adaptability to the special fields.5、Make the design requirements of the device for plant protection and fertilization. Design the lifting truss, the main truss, intermediate truss, sub-truss, truss balance device, chemical box and spray system. The truss is divided into5parts and uses the hydraulic cylinder for expansion and contraction. The width of truss is20m and the sprinkling width reaches25m. The box volume is1m3. Select the model for the sprinkler irrigation pump, supporting tractor, nozzle, and other key components. Design and calculate the drive system of manure spreader.6%Use Pro/E software to design the virtual prototype and drive axle housing into ANSYS in stress and strain analysis. The strength meets the requirements. Conduct force analysis to the sub-truss and intermediate truss. Calculate and check the nut strength and it meets the design requirements.7、Conduct the machine performance test in the fields. The test results show that the machine has good stability and runs smoothly. The working quality is reliable and the key performance indicators can reach the national standard.