Ultra-morphology Study Of Cephalic Appendages And Tarsus In Clytini

The insects of tribe Clytini (Cerambycidae, Cerambycinae) are widely distributed, some species are important pests. There are many different kinds of sensilla on the antenna, maxillary palp, labial palp and tarsus, which is closely connected with longicron’s behaviour and can be used for classification of insects. This paper systematically studied the antenna, maxillary palp, labial palp and tarsus of15species in Clytini to identify it’s Ultra-morphology which can be provied theoretical basis for the electrophysiology and behavioristics research. The main results as follow:1Observation of the antenna with scanning electron microscopeUsing scanning electron microscopy observed the antenna, we can found that the antenna is linear, consist of11segments. There is some differences in the ratio of the length of3th:1st,4th:3th and5th:4th of antenna, and significant differences in the length of3th:1st and4th:3th.10kinds of sensilla were found on the surface of antenna,they are Bohm bristles, sensilla trichodea, sensilla chaetica type1, sensilla chaetica type2, sensilla chaetica type3, sensilla basiconica type1, sensilla basiconica type2, sensilla basiconica type3, sensilla basiconica type4and sensilla basiconica type5. The sensilla basiconica type5only distributes in C.annularis and X. quadripes,and the sensilla basiconica type3only P. laetus, R. viren and C.quatuordecimmaculatus.The distribution of the sensilla is fixed. The number of the Bohm bristles, sensilla chaetica type1, sensilla chaetica type2, sensilla chaetica type3, sensilla basiconica type1and sensilla basiconica type2were analyzed, and there is some differences in it.We found there are2ultramicro morphological characters are different in genera of Clytini, which is the shape of the last segment and the number of sensilla chaetica type1in105um2;6in species, which is the ratio of the length of3th:1st and4th:3th; the number of sensilla chaetica type1sensilla chaetica type2and sensilla basiconica typel, in105um2; and the mean number of sensilla chaetica type3.2Observation of the maxillary palp, labial palp with scanning electron microscopeThe maxillary palp is consist of4segments, the labial palp is3. Each segment is connected with soft skin, and the last segment were flattened and enlargement.There is no significant difference in the ratio of the length of4th:(3th+2nd+1st) of maxillary palp and3th:(2nd+1st) of labial palp.There are9kinds of sensilla on the surface of maxillary palp and labial palp, they are Bohm bristles, sensilla chaetica type1, sensilla chaetica type3, sensilla cavity, sensilla placodea, sensilla campaniformia, sensilla styloconica type1, sensilla styloconica type2and sensilla styloconica type3. Compared with antenna, sensilla cavity, sensilla placodea, sensilla campaniformia, sensilla styloconica type1, sensilla styloconica type2and sensilla styloconica type3are particular.The distribution of the sensilla is fixed. There is no significant difference in the number of Bohm bristles, sensilla campaniformia and sensilla styloconica, however sensilla chaetica type1and sensilla chaetica type3is not.We can found the number of sensilla chaetica type1in maxillary palp and the number of sensilla chaetica type1and sensilla chaetica type3in labial palp are different in species of Clytini.3Observation of the tarsus with scanning electron microscopeTarsus is consist of5segment, the third segment is inflated and heart-shaped, the fourth segment is very short, the pretarsus has two two claws. There is no significant difference in the morphological characters of tarsus.The ratio of the length of1st:(2nd+3th) of protarsus tarsus and mesotarsus are not stable. However the ratio of the length of1st:(2nd+3th) of hind tarsus is different in15species.Empodium is found in10species, the shape is tapered or spheroidal. Empodium is not used in traditional taxonomy, may be because of it’s lacation and size. This paper describes the empodium detailed first time.4kinds of sensilla were found in tasus, they are sensilla chaetica type1, sensilla chaetica type2, sensilla chaetica type3and sensilla basiconica type4, which are similar to antenna’s. There is also no significant differences in the distribution and nuber of sensilla of15species.the empodium can be used to distinguish species is different in15species of Clytini.Using the Scanning electron microscope, the type, morphology, number and distribution of the sensilla in cephalic appendages and tarsus of15species were observed, we found2ultramicro morphological characters are different in genera,11in species. This paper describes the empodium of10species of Clytini first time.