| In recent years, acute contradictions between supply and demand of land resources have been brought out by the rapid industrialization and urbanization development, while land non-agricultural and land deterioration of ecological environment have greatly weakened the resource base for sustainable agricultural development. To ease contradictions between the land supply and demand in order to achieve the sustainable use of land resources, on one hand, we can increase the effective area of arable land through comprehensive remediation, reducing the intense demand for construction land; on the other, adjusting the agricultural structure and the implementation of agriculture industrialization can be adopted in order to improve land utilization and output. However, due to the late start of China’s land remediation practice, the level of agriculture industrialization development is relatively low, and the interaction mechanism between land remediation and the development of agricultural industrialization has not been understood in place, therefore, the previous land remediation goals are relatively simple, and are difficult to adapt the requirements for agriculture industrialization development. In recent years, land remediation has been further understood, especially after the promulgation of the new round of national land planning regulation, the construction of a high standard industry model of basic farmland, and the national agricultural industrialization development have been the rural economy orientation. However, there’s a major problem that how to combine industrial development by means of integrated rural land remediation of land resources under the natural and social conditions of southwest hilly regions. In order to cope with the problem and research land resources integration methods and ways on village-level under the perspective of agriculture industrialization, this paper takes Dazhu village, which locates in Qiantang town of Hechuan district, Chongqing municipality as study area, builds a linear programming model to optimize industrial land’s quantity structure of study area, and combines industrial land space factors driving condition assessment to optimize the space layout of industrial land; according to demand of industry development, construction engineering technology for farming plots, irrigation and drainage engineering and engineering technology in rural road construction have been deep analyzed, and the key technologies of land remediation on village-level from agriculture industrialization perspective have also been analyzed; fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model has been used to judge the economic, social, ecological and resource benefits of land remediation on village-level, and comprehensive benefits are evaluated scientifically. The main results and conclusions are as follows:1)Land allocation of agricultural industrialization is the key to transform traditional agriculture into a source of economic growth.In this paper, industries quantity structure has been optimized due to the objective of maximizing the economic benefits, and the proportion and area of industrial land are both largely changed. The grain acreage is159.35hm2, which drop to44.87%from89.13%; vegetable industry land area is30.00hm2, which get to8.45%from4.98%; fruit industry land area is55.77hm2, which rise from1.63%up to15.71%; new industry that the Chinese medicine industry and nursery industry area are30.00hm2and40.00hm2accounting for8.45%and11.26%, respectively; the aquaculture industry and the livestock industry areas are both20.00hm2, the proportion both increased to5.63%. The grain and oil industry is still the dominant industry after optimization, which will help to protect the food demand; meanwhile, developing specialty industries on the basis of market demand is conducive to translate regional resource advantages into market advantages, and promote regional economic development. Optimized industrial cropping pattern has changed traditional agricultural planting structure, and developing high quality ecological agriculture is conducive to the realization of unified ecological and economic benefits.Optimizing the space layout of industrial land by industrial land space factors driving condition assessment and industrial development demand based on determining the agricultural structure. The layout of food industry mainly in the eastern part with better facilitate in order to implement mechanized farming; the layout of vegetable industry is mainly in northeastern region with better transportation, water, topography and other better conditions; layout of traditional Chinese medicine industry and the livestock industry are in the north and south of the northwest corner in study area; nursery industry has been arranged in the central west of the study area; aquaculture industry is distributed in region with better use of water in central south; fruit industry is located in relatively poor southern region. The layout results are according with the actual layout of industrial land and industrial development trends in study area, which is conducive to mechanized operations and scale of operations, and make full use of agricultural infrastructure, promote efficient scientific and rational use of land resources.2) Rural land remediation project in southwest hilly area should rely on comprehensive land remediation with the layout and design center of facilitating mechanization and large-scale operation under the perspective of agricultural industrialization.Agricultural mechanization and large-scale operation in southwest hilly area ask for construction projects of plots that should be combined with specific cultivated land resource endowments to level and shape plots with conduct of field remediation at15°or less hyper region, while slope-to-terrace between15°-25°area. Stripping fields are based on existing plots, plots in the longitudinal direction along the contour design direction, the designed field length is50m～150m, and width is40m～110m, internal bump height at is±3cm or less; the implementation of topsoil processing technology to ensure field block of soil fertility. Irregular dry land built plots by terracing project, reducing the field surface slope to make the table slope less than12°. Construction of field ridge should consider ridge stability, soil and water conservation and landscape effects, field ridges of stripping fields adopt wet masonry stone, the height of stones is decided by the difference between the top and bottom of the field plots design elevation after remediation; the field ridge of regular dry land is mainly located along the contour lines spaced at intervals of2.0m, build by the dry ridge cutting stone with design height of not more than2.0m.The design of irrigation and drainage engineering should be combined with the topography, soil properties, the existing irrigation and drainage channels and irrigation and drainage capacity and demand of industrial development of the study area, and should adjust local conditions. New irrigation and drainage channels should be in accordance with the layout principle of the high-ranked high water, low water low emissions, dewatering to the nearest drain, achieving artesian, and layout along the low-lying water line in order to maximize using natural creek, realizing perpendicular connection of branch, bucket and agricultural ditch. When the terrain slope greater than5%, the final stage of channel is basically laid ditches along the terrain contours. To carrying out irrigation and drainage engineering design, drainage channels with different specifications should be designed according to demands of different industries, and irrigation and drainage materials used in irrigation and drainage requirements should be taking full consideration to ensure project quality and savingThe optimized layout of rural roads should consider not only the convenience of farmers’ tripping and field production, but also should consider the transporting in of agricultural materials, the transporting out of agricultural products as well as tourists and other factors under the perspective of agricultural industrialization development. Combining with actual road conditions, the demands of industrial development and new rural construction in study area, the design width of field roads are3.5m,4.5m and5.0m, and the road surface is constructed by20cm thick of C30concrete, and in order to ensure the stability of the road, roadbeds are designed by over upland paddy segment and over dry land segments; width of production road pavement are1.5m,2.0m and2.5m, and roadbed with surface width of2.0m and2.5m are designed by over upland paddy segment and over dry land segments, and the road surface is constructed by15cm thick of C20concrete, roads with surface width of1.5m adopt10cmC20concrete as construction materials.3) The benefits is in a high level after land renovation, and it shows that the land regulation effect is significantly.In this paper, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation has been adopted to calculate integrated economic, social, ecological, resources, and comprehensive benefits of land resources in study area, and scores are all more than90points, indicating that the integration of land resources in study area has good benefits. Farmland increased22.14hm2after the integration, the increasing rate is5.59%, and arable land utilization improved41.49%; net income per capita is2,211.86yuan, rate of return static investment is32.27%, water conservancy facilities utilization increased by16.23%, road accessibility improves33.24%, the employment figure is1989people, land reclamation rate increased by2.29%, the degree of improved farmland ecological improved by8.01%, soil erosion rate is85.51%, droughts and floods rate decrease to3.05%from17.47%, effective irrigation rate rise from85.92%to96.60%. Evaluation results fully demonstrated that the integration of rural land resources can increase arable land area, improve agricultural infrastructure, help to agricultural mechanization and large-scale production, promote the development of agricultural industrialization; and help to improve land utilization and labor productivity, promote farmers increase production, improve rural living conditions and production conditions; and also can effectively control soil erosion, help to achieve efficient agricultural ecosystems and the sustainable use of agricultural resources.In summary, Land allocation of agricultural industrialization by adjustment of agricultural structure and optimization of spatial layout is the key to transform traditional agriculture into a source of economic growth. Rural land resources integration project in southwest hilly area should rely on comprehensive land remediation with the layout and design center of facilitating mechanization and large-scale operation under the perspective of agricultural industrialization. Land resources could be effectively integrated through implementing engineering and technology. Rural land resources integration in southwest not only includes policy and institution which could implement scaled land management through land circulation, but also engineering and technology to optimize the configuration of land and water resources and to improve land utilization. Therefore, land resources integration study could combine land circulation with land consolidation in future, taping the maximum value of land to service for agriculture industrialization in hilly areas. |
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