The Research On Classification And Identification Of Salvia Shandongensis And Its Relatives

Comprehensive and comparative experiment research has been carried on Salviashandongensis and its S. miltiorrhiza and congener plants by combining several methodsof plant taxonomy, morphology anatomy, palynology, seed like fruit micro morphologyand submicroscopic structure, DNA genetics molecule barcode sequencing, determinationof quality and quantification for effective constituent in this study. The details andachievements are in the following:1Taxonomy and morphology anatomy study of Salvia shandongensis and itscongener species of plantsMicrostructure and submicroscopic structure comparative study of Salviashandongensis, its congener species leaf epidermis and its belongs is carried by using lightmicroscope and scanning electron microscope. The study shows significant differencebetween shape of leaf epidermal cells and outside wall carved lines. The periclinal wallcarved linesoutside leaf epidermal cells, size of corolla, upper and lower arm length ofstamen, root number of vascular bundles, above characteristics within the species, arestable.There is a clear distinction between species. It is of great significance in taxonomy,which provides the important leaf micromorphological features basis for the identificationand classification for species.2Palynology study of Salvia shandongensis and its relative speciesSubmicroscopic structure comparative observation of Salvia shandongensis and its congener species pollen grain is carried by scanning electron microscope. It is observedthat pollen grains are all of six groove type and mesh ornamentation. The characteristicswithin the species are stable, but there is a a clear distinction among shape, size, meshdecorative mesh and mesh ridge of different species. It is of great significance in taxonomy,which firstly provides the pollen grain basis for the establishment of Salvia shandongensisnew species.3Study of Salvia shandongensis and its relative species seed like fruitSubmicroscopic structure comparative observation of Salvia shandongensis and itscongener species seed like fruit is carried by scanning electron microscope. It is observedthat seed like fruits of12plants of same species have obvious difference in shape, size,exocarp ornamentation among species. It is of great significance in taxonomy, which firstlyprovides the important seed like fruit basis for the identification and classification forspecies.4Chloroplast DNA genetics molecule barcode sequencing study of Salviashandongensis and its relative speciesBased on psbA-trnH gene sequence, molecule identification of chloroplast DNAgenetics molecule barcode sequencing is carried on Salvia shandongensis and its relativespecies. The results shows that interspecific variation points of Salvia shandongensis andSalvia miltiorrhiza are15, interspecific variation points of Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salviamiltiorrhiza f. alba are22, and interspecific variation points of Salvia shandongensis andSalvia miltiorrhiza f. alba are5. This study not only provides the basis of molecular levelfor the establishment of Salvia shandongensis new species, but for that Salvia miltiorrhizaf. alba beyond the scope of Salvia miltiorrhiza variant, which is identical withmorphological taxonomic characteristics of Salvia shandongensis and salvia miltiorrhiza.5The qualitative and quantitative determination of effective component Salviashandongensis and its relative speciesBy high performance liquid chromatography, the determination for fat-solubleingredient and the water-soluble ingredient of Salvia shandongensis and its relativespecies, where in tanshinone Ⅱand Salvianolic acid B contents of Salvia shandongensis comply with the2010version regulations of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia.Above all, a comprehensive research has been carried on Salvia shandongensisbelonging to Salvia and its relatives by using a variety of methods of morphology, anatomy,palynology, seed like fruit and molecular biology. The results show that the morphologicalcharacteristics, microscopic structure and the DNA genetic information are identical,which firstly provides important basis for the establishment of the new classification of andfully proves that Salvia shandongensis is a new taxonomic group; Also there is plenty ofevidence to prove that Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba is beyond the scope of Salvia miltiorrhizavariant forms. It is proposed to improve Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba into species status:Salvia alba (C. Y. Wu) J. X. Li, Y. Q. Zhang et X. J. Li sp. nov.