| PurposeIodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) is a syndrome with main illness mechanism of thyroid hormone synthesis deficiency caused by iodine malnutrition of body resulting from insufficient intake of iodine due to natural environment for human survival.China is one of the most serious countries affected by iodine deficiency. From the year of1960on, through carrying out measures to add iodization-based salt, China has greatly improved the iodine status of the people, but the potential harm of iodine deficiency disorders is not eliminated. LvLiang city in Shanxi province is one of the iodine deficient areas, in order to understand current situation of iodine nutrition of targeted population and health education situation of iodine deficiency knowledge in LvLiang area, this study try to make survey on iodine nutrition situation of schoolchildren and women of childbearing age, meanwhile, to make monitoring and analysis on salt content in edible salt and drinking water, with an aim to provide scientific reference for iodine and iodine deficiency prevention campaign on targeted population in LvLiang and making more scientific and standard prevention campaign of iodine deficiency in Shanxi Province.MethodsIn LvLiang city, we used a multi-stage stratified sampling method to make this study, first randomly selected three counties/districts in the region, in the drawn County/region by the East, West, South, North, Central5position respectively extract a township/streets,Finally, by simple random sampling method for extracting a primary school from each town/street, each randomly selected40primary school aged8to10children, thyroid checked using palpation and B-ultrasonic wave,At the same time, collect urine samples for determination of urinary iodine; to extract40of the Grade5students for iodine deficiency disorders conducted a questionnaire survey of health education, in each township (town) and then randomly selected18to40years old women of childbearing age, pregnant women and nursing mothers respective40, collected a urine sample for measurement of urinary iodine, and conducted iodine deficiency disorders and health education questionnaire investigation. Meanwhile, all drawn crowds gathered family to eat of two parts of salt,1part salt for iodine determination, a copy retained sample for future re-examination. Samples and questionnaires were collected and analyzed for testing professionals.Result(1)The2375copies of the three counties of salt samples for testing in LvLiang, the average iodine content was (27.15±5.62) mg/kg; the total coverage of iodized salt was98.7%, the total passing rate is95.5%; the iodine content of edible salt area passing rate difference was not statistically significant.(2)In this study, water samples were collected from927copies, the results showed: Water iodine median was (7.83±4.12) ug/L. Where,<10ug/L water samples have low iodine782, accounting for84.36%of the region where was iodine deficient areas.(3) Three counties median of urinary iodine of children was219.60ug/L; urinary iodine among male and female children median was239.0ug/L and208.lug/L. Women of childbearing age from18to40years old survey, the median urinary iodine lactating women and pregnant women were240.27ug/L,258.64ug/L, 147.06ug/L, low urinary iodine levels in pregnant women, the difference between the three groups was statistically significant.(4) Passing rate difference of the three counties in the child questionnaire was not statistically significant, but the outstanding rates of girls were generally higher than that of boys. The resulting average housewife answering difference in three counties was statistically significant, and the higher accuracy rate answer of County housewife in Shilou County is better than the other two counties.Conclusion(1) Consumption of iodized salt is up to national standards in LvLiang area, but we needed to vary the amount of added salt to prevent iodine excess adversely affected.(2) Most of the survey areas were iodine deficient areas, and we should be based on a reference to the distribution of iodine in water of different local conditions to develop in-line iodine measures with the region and the population.(3) Children’s iodine nutrition is on the appropriate level, but targeted population with low or high urinary iodine still have a relatively big proportion; childbearing women and lactating women are in the basic balance of iodine nutrition, some low levels of iodine nutrition of pregnant women should be taken into consideration. Therefore, we should develop a scientific, individualized iodine plan to classify those people and give them different iodine methods.(4) We should stick to two kinds of promotion channels of iodine deficiency knowledge of "Schools-Students-Parents-society" and "women-family community," to raise awareness of health education knowledge from targeted population; in addition, we should establish long-term and effective health education, model and improve self-care consciousness of prevention iodine deficiency as well as form good conducts and habits. |
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