The Survey And Preliminary Study Of Yungang Grottoes’s Lotus Decorative Patterns

This article embarks from the research status of the chinese grotto temple, which is based on the existing research results of the Yungang Grottoes decoration pattern. In combination with the sites and archaeological excavations of the prior Yungang Grottoes relics, the writer summarises the source image of the lotus pattern and its cultural connotation after careful and serious investigation and mapping.while using lots of methods such as archaeological typology, image science,and philology. At the same time the author traces back to the time of application of the chinese lotus pattern and its style, according to archaeological materials. With the introduction of Buddhism, local lotus pattern integrated exotic lotus cultural elements, and a new dermatoglyphic pattern was created. Thanks to the collision and communication, we can see its different styles in modelling characteristics and its characteristics of the times, during the early and middle-late period in the grotto statues engineering.The author investigates the quantity and structure of the decoration pattern of Yungang Grottoes lotus and its modeling characteristics, using sculpture in Grottoes as a clue. The sculpture includes wat, roof, window, arch, pedestal and grottoes decorative belt, etc.and then the author further analysis of its types, stages and characteristics of times, and summarizes the distribution and shape change of Yungang lotus pattern in the process of historical development. All those make us clarify the evolution of the lotus flower decoration pattern, helping us discuss grottoes by stages and determine the relative time.Yungang lotus decoration pattern with its modelling style is roughly divided into three categories, group lotus in the wat top, ground, backlit modelling and head light sculpture; lotus carved decorative belt and coving lotus edging in the caves mural face and plinth place; combination design of the lotus, such as patterns of buddha or the lad in the center of lotus and lotus flower bottle, etc. there are a large number of group carved locus with colorful modelings. Which are in common during the early and middle-late period and with a clear clue. I will set the Yungang Grottoes group lotus patterns as an example for the typology research. On the basis of overlapping of lotus petals or not, for single or for double petals in the lotus, whether there is a clear change in the petal width and arrangement, the author studies the fractal fraction of the group lotus lines, sorts out the evolution law of its development, helps us to straighten out successively problems among the caves, and makes a judgment about the archaeological findings with lotus pattern in the ruins of relics.In addition, the author thinks the Yungang lotus pattern absorbs buddhism plant decorative elements in ancient Greece, India, Liangzhou, Qiuci and so on after exploring its art origins of the Yungang Grottoes lotus decoration pattern, at the same time, it exerts the art style of xianbei, the central plains and Nanchao and forms the pattern of PingCheng of the lotus, with distinct different region and the northern regional features. It is famous for its simple and solid decoration style and is the transition period for the sinicization of buddhism culture once becoming the carved paradigm in the Beichao lotus decoration pattern, and lying a foundation for the modelling system of the lotus pattern in the late period. This preliminarily solved its pattern classification and its art origin of the lotus pattern and filled the blank of the history of the Yungang research and art.