The Evolution Of The Statue Of Lord Buddha Sakyamuni In Cave 20 Of Yungang Grottoes

As is known to all,Buddhism,belonging to the Indian culture,was introduced into China through the silk road,and formed a new Buddhism culture with Chinese characteristics under the influence of China's politics,economic,and cultural.The Buddha statue represents a supreme intellectual image in Buddhism.Among the Buddhas,Sakyamuni is the only real person.He was dissatisfied with the world's distress,so he entered the Buddhist gate to get rid.With the cultural exchange between India and China,the buddhist image of sakyamuni is also brought to Chinese grottoes.Yungang grottoes is located in Pingcheng.Pingcheng is a place in the northern part of Shanxi Province today through which the northern minorities was able to enter the central plains.So Its location is very important.In the Northern Wei Dynasty,Yungang grottoes was the representative of multiculturalism.It combines Indian Buddhist culture with traditional Chinese culture,and joins the culture of the xianbei nationality.Its status are made of stone,ranging in size from 17 meters to 2 centimeters,which are precious stone treasures in the history of our country.The construction of Yungang grottoes went through three periods,the first of which was the five caves of Tanyao built in the early Northern Wei Dynasty.The five caves of Tanyao was established for the five emperors of the Northern Wei Dynasty,which tightly combined the emperor's regime with Buddhist thought to maintain regime and rule the country.The second period of construction fully reflects the collision of western culture and Chinese culture,which is most wonderful part of Yungang Grottoes.The third period of construction was drawing to a close,so most of them were small niches.The four great grottoes in China are an important part of our traditional culture,and they record the inheritance and evolution of the Buddha statues in different periods.Religion is closely related to art.Religion provides theoretical basis for art and art,as another form of religion,has been handed down.The article mainly focuses on the statues of Sakyamuni Buddha in cave 20 of Yungang Grottoes,it analyzes the dynamic charges of Buddha statues and changes of facial features and costumes of Buddha statues to explore the process of the transformation of Sakyamuni.Through horizontal and vertical comparisons,we explored the inheritance and evolution of Buddha statues in different periods in the same grotto and the process of inheritance and evolution in the four major Grottoes.Then,it analyzes changes of Sakyamuni Buddha in the cave 45 of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang,the cave 78 of Maiji Mountain Grottoes and the Binyang cave of Longmen Grottoes.Finally,the article analyzes the evolution process of Sakyamuni Buddha from two aspects of artistic aesthetics and artistic creation.