The Unstandardized Variant Chinese Characters Of The Nakamura Collection

In2005,3volumes of manuscripts from the Nakamura coliection in Tokyo, Japan have been published, revealing the manuscripts to scholarly circles. This paper is based on40manuscripts, which maintain two parts:29manuscripts having chronology and excavated sites, while11manuscripts are identified as national treasures by museum. This paper is divided into five parts:the first part is to classify these unstandardized variant chinese characters on the basis of the previous theoretical studies; the two part is to summarize the causes of the formation of the unstandardized variant chinese characters from four aspects; the three part is to analyse eight groups of confusable characters; the four part is to discriminate the phenomenon of word variety wordings and explain evolution of these characters; and the lase part is to distinguish the difficult characters in manuscripts.