A Study On The Phenomenon Of " Multiple Graphs-Single Word " In Chu Bamboo Slips

"Multiple Graphs-Single Word" in the bamboo slips of Chu is one of the complex relationships between graphs and meanings.This paper discusses this phenomenon from three aspects:variant characters,borrowed words,synonym-transformations and antonymy-transformations.There are mutual replacement of words in Chu bamboo slips of Warring States.If there are more than one graphs corresponding to one single word,the relationship among them is variant forms.If they are different words,this could happen in two ways.The pronunciation revolved,the graphs may be borrowed words.The meaning revolved,the graphs can be different words,and they may be synonyms or antonymys.We absorb he research achievements of predecessors,so that to analyze the feature of the characters' formation.When analyzing the variant characters,we divide them into three types,which are adding semantic radical,adding phonetic radical,changing semantic radical,changing phonetic radical,changing the whole character,shifting the position of radicals and omitting radicals.From the adding,omitting and shifting of the semantic radical,it can be seen that compared with the inscriptions of oracle bones and bronzes during Shang Dynasty and Zhou Dynasty,the properties they refer to are more abstract.The semantic radical of the characters in the bamboo slips of Chu have strong generalization function,which make the writing system more complex.By analyzing the adding,omitting and shifting of the phonetic radical,we can find obvious trend of phonetilisation.Because pictographic characters and associative compounds have turned into phonograms,and phonograms have turned into twi-phonetic characters,and twi-phonetic characters have turned into tri-phonetic characters,meanwhile making new phonograms.Phonetic radical remains after omitting radicals instead of semantic radicals.When analyzing the borrowed words,we divide them into two parts,which is borrowed words with homophonic radicals and non-homophonic radicals.There is a large sum of borrowed words with homophonic radicals,this paper table them in order to study its distribution.To borrowed words with non-homophonic radicals,we go on case study.While the semantic relationship of "Multiple Graphs-Single Word " can be divided into synonym-transformations and antonymy-transformations.Synonym--transformations is not only connected with the word meaning,but also with the graph and the pronunciation.