On The Study Of Young Lukacs’ Thoughts Of Totality

This paper is aimed at the study of young Lukacs’thoughts of totality from the theoretical logic he used to critique the modern capitalist society. By reading young Lukacs’ philosophical works and combining the thought resources he absorbed, we can get the theoretical origin and historic background of young Lukacs’ thoughts of totality into shape, show how it develop in the round, excavate its theoretical connotation, and clarify the relationship between totality and a series of core categories of philosophy that come from young Lukacs, such as materialization, materialized consciousness, class, class consciousness, and so on. And then, we will expound its influence in the thinking public and its theoretical limit. At last, we will reflect it from the thought angle of heterogeneity.On the one hand, the theoretical criticalness included in the young Lukacs’ thoughts of totality is very strong, and it proved to be a milestone of critical tradition of "Western Marxism". It aspires a concrete totality, takes history as a totality, and human being should exist as a unity of historic subject and historic object. It opposed the phenomenon of materialization, isolated and atomization situation in capitalist market economy, opposed the dualist approach with the separation of subject and object, and oppose the spontaneous in economy, and it emphasized the internal totality with the unity of subject and object. In young Lukacs’ opinion, the totality was equal to the absolute category, so the reality was nothing but just a factor and a part of totality, all the social phenomenon and existence which related to the totality can obtain significance, thus he pointed out that capitalism is not eternal, but just a historic and temporary product.On the other hand, as young Lukacs’ thoughts of totality was deeply influenced by the philosophy of Hegel, it emphasized the decisive role of ideology unduly. He believed that, as long as inculcating thoughts of totality in the proletarian from the outside, and awakening their class consciousness, can lead to the success of the proletarian revolution. The thoughts of totality, in which the objective characteristics of productivity factors and economic law and heterogeneous characteristics of beings were neglected, was not only different from Marx, but also deviating from the realistic revolutionary actions. And it ultimately fell into utopianism, and was criticized by some thinkers.