Study On The Structure And Function Of The Idioms From The New HSK Vocabulary

Chinese idiom is very difficult for Chinese language learners whose mother language is not Chinese, especially the senior learners. And the errors of idioms in the functional aspects are also hold a large proportion in idiom acquisition errors. A lot of Chinese idioms are the carrier of Chinese culture, so teaching Chinese idioms cannot be ignored because spreading the culture is the target in the process of teaching Chinese as a foreign language. And current studies on idioms function is not so much, in this paper we look studying the structure and function of idioms from the new HSK vocabulary as the means, especially by discussing the corresponding relationship between idiom, idiom internal structure and function to meet to discuss how to teach the idioms in teaching Chinese as a foreign language as the ultimate goal. This paper is mainly study on the basic of ontology on idiom structure, classify the function of idioms and analysis the constraints and rules in sentences. So as to explore how to understand the function of idioms, then teach idioms in better ways, reduce students’ errors and improve students’ learning interest.This article uses quantitative analysis and static description method, classify the117idioms and analysis their structure and function, give each idiom a "gender". Statistic the ingredients in sentences, study internal laws between the structure and function of idioms, analysis the students’ errors from HSK dynamic corpus, and make relevant conclusions on teaching methods.Through in this paper, we try to find the system researches of function and structure of the idioms:idioms have a certain limitation as words in sentences, but the idioms have something different with words. Idioms as the "language", in addition to like the words in the sentence as a certain ingredients, can also act as independent component, but is not flexible when as a separate component affected by its internal structure, the words have related limitation, it means the internal structure of idioms and the function of the idioms has certain corresponding relationship.