Research On Economic Justice In Rural Land Circulation

With further promotion of new rural construction andurbanization, small-scale, decentralized management of the household contractresponsibility system, has become increasingly difficult to adapt to the requirements ofdevelopment of modern agriculture, and became a bottleneck problem for increasingagriculture efficiency, rural incomes and rural prosperity. Therefore, to further promotethe circulation of rural land, we need to break the rigid pattern of land dispersion,improve the comprehensive benefit of land, and further facilitate the resolution of the"three rural" issues. In recent years, rural land circulation has achieved certainsuccess, but is also facing many problems to be solved, such as efficiency loss of therural land system, absence of law, inadequate and impaired legal rights and interestsof peasants, unfair circulation procedures. Rather than economic issues, these are moreconcerned with economic justice; if not handled properly, they will inevitably dampenthe enthusiasm of the circulation of rural land, and even delay the construction of newsocialist countryside and the buliding of a well-off society. Therefore, thiseconomic justice research on the circulation of rural land, has important ethical. valueand practical significance, in that it not only comforms to China’s "threerural" development needs, but also can help with policies promoting rural land reform,and achieving a more rational, efficient, and orderly flow of rural land circulation.As primary principles of justice, economic justice is one of the basic category ofethics, and represents the eternal significance of human practice of rationality,and isessential for regulation of economic activity and its system. After analyzing based onthe analysis of Hume’s Virtue Theory, Muller’s Happiness Theory, Marx MaterialismTheory, and Rawls’ Fairness Theory all concerning economic justice, the basicconnotation of economic justice was revealed in this paper. In order to promote orderlyand efficient circulation of rural land,, corresponding ethical reconsiderationwas required, which is in essence economic justice.With further promotion of rural land circulation, its deep-seated economic justiceissues have become increasingly prominent, and mainly reflected in systemjustice and activity justice. The issues occurred in system justice of rural landcirculation, mainly include low efficiency of rural land system and poverty of peasants’land rights. The issues occurred in acitivity justice of rural land circulation, majorlyinclude land use change violating the social justice, the circulation process beingcontrary to the principle of fairness and procedural justice, unfair incomedistribution and inversion of righteousness and profit causing damage to the legitimaterights and interests of peasants. The reason is mainly the unsound of Institutionalmechanism construction, the weakness of security system and the lagging-behind of construction of ethics, etc.To achieve equitable, efficient and orderly flow of rural land circulation, itis difficult to implement merely by means of economic, legal and administrative. Theremust be adapted theory of economic justice as guiding ideology. Therefore, to realizeeconomic justice in the circulation of rural land, we must uphold the fundamentalprinciples of freedom, equality and effectiveness, and follow through the value targetsof increasing agricultural efficiency, peasants’ income and rural prosperity, andachieve ethical legitimacy of economic subjects of rural land circulation and rationalityof economic activity. Four ways are suggested in this paper to realize economic justicein the process of circulation of rural land. One is to ensure the peasants’ income, andsafeguard social fairness and justice. The second is to improve laws and regulations toimplement system justice. The third is to build a fair market and realize activityjustice. The fourth is to strengthen moral education, and foster fairness values.