The Research On The Economic Policy Of Attlee Labor Government In Britain (1945-1951)

The second world war was coming to an end, Britain began to a generalelection, but the results surprised people, leading people to win the war, theconservative leader Winston Churchill did not succeed, the British Labor leader,deputy prime minister Clement Attlee, who successfully became the new primeminister, the Labor party came to power, and began to "socialism" radical reform.The thirties’s economic crisis made the original economic theoretical basis wasbadly shaken, as John Maynard Keynes’s "general theory of employment, interestand money", Keynesian theory began to enter into people’s field of vision, however,the Second World War brought more chance of Keynesian theory to British society.Keynesian thoughts gradually became orthodoxy. The Labor government was incombination with their own theory at the same time, fully absorbed the Keynesiantheory, the Beveridge Report of economic thought.This article is divided into the preface and the text, the preface part mainlyelaborates the British Attlee Labor government economic policy research includingselected topic significance and research review, the text from five aspects,respectively, the British economic woes after the second world war, Attlee Laborgovernment economic policy theory source, Attlee Labor government economicpolicy goals and macroeconomic policy, and Attlee Labor governmentmicroeconomic policy, characteristics and evaluation of Attlee Labor governmenteconomic policy.The chapter I is Attlee Labor government’s economic woe, I introduce Englishabroad and domestic two aspects. Foreign face U.S. lend-lease stop, huge foreigndebt, debt gradually increase, the balance of payments crisis, the dollar shortage oftime, and domestic face the employment, inflation, the pressure of excess demand.The Chapter II is theory source of the Attlee Labor government. I think it comesfrom four aspects. Britain’s Labor party its own ideology of Labor’s socialisteconomic thought is basis. The influence of the mainstream Keynesian theoryeconomic thoughts is support. And accept the Beveridge Report popular economicthought, at the same time has also been supported by conservative alternative stateintervention economy thought.The Chapter III is Attlee Labor government economic policy goals andmacroeconomic policy, I use the time sequence and sign with the replacement of thechancellor of the exchequer, put forward the realization of public ownership and fullemployment of the two economic goals. I elaborate the Attlee Labor government’s macroeconomic policy from two aspects of fiscal policy and monetary policy,according to the time sequence tells the different policy of chancellor Dalton, Cripps,Gaitskell under the different condition.The Chapter IV understands Attlee Labor government’s microeconomic policiesfrom the nationalization of the background, implementation and impact，employmentpolicy, the establishment of the welfare system and "ration""demand control".The Chapter V expounds the understanding of the characteristics of AttleeLabor government economic policy by five small aspects, and evaluates from theperformance and the insufficiency of Attlee Labor government’s economic policy.Pointing out that the Attlee’s Labor government economic policy works, which playsan important role to ease the severe post-war economic problem.