Researching On The Interrogative Sentences Of The Xupu Xianghua Dialect

The Xianghua dialect, as a kind of dialects being in severe danger and uncertainty of the lineage, has drawn lots of focus and research from dialect scholars. The paper mainly discusses the interrogative sentences of the Xupu Xianghua dialect. By the way of surveying the field to get the corpus resources, on the basis of the research production of the Modern Chinese Mandarin, and from the point of view of Syntax、semantics and pragmatics, the author not only made a synchronic description of the means of expression and the types of sentences, but also made a synchronic comparison between the Modern Chinese Mandarin and the Xupu Xianghua dialect. Besides, the contrast of the Xupu Xianghua dialect was made to the Toad Accent and Southwest Mandarin. So that characteristics of the Xupu Xianghua dialect are apparent to all.There are three interrogative means including voice、vocabulary and syntactic, and four sentence types including special questions、yes-no questions、alternative questions and positive-negative questions. Compared with the Modern Chinese Mandarin、the Toad Accent and Southwest Mandarin, we know that:Concerning the means of expression, they all can express the interrogative message just only by voice means.The number of the interrogative modal particles of the Xianghua dialect of Xupu is double of the Modern Chinese Mandarin. Compared to the Modern Chinese Mandarin:"a" of the Xianghua dialect of Xupu can be used in yes-no questions as the role of "ma" in the Modern Chinese Mandarin,at that time, Modal is stronger and degree is higher;"ne"also can be used in yes-no questions."ma、ne、a、sha、lo、o"all can be used in the Xianghua dialect of Xupu、the Toad Accent and Southwest Mandarin. However, it is unique of "wa"in the Xianghua dialect of Xupu; it is unique of "de"in the Toad Accent;it is unique of "da"in the Southwest Mandarin.Besides, it exist that the interrogative modal particles of the Xianghua dialect of Xupu can be used continuously like "lo o"."ne" of the Toad Accent can’t be used in the yes-no questions. The interrogative pronouns of the Xianghua dialect can be divided into nine sub-categories:" asking people、asking things、asking places、asking time、asking condition、 asking ways、asking reasons、asking degree". Except the "ji" asking number is the same as the Modern Chinese Mandarin, others are different. However, on the whole, they are corresponding to each other in formats. The interrogative pronouns of the Xianghua dialect have the interrogative pronouns "asking condition", which is not existed in the Toad Accent and the Southwest Mandarin. But there is a high consistency among the three dialects in "ji" asking number、"hao" asking degree、"hao jiu" asking time.Concerning sentence patterns of them, we know that:Interrogative message is carried by different things in each sentence pattern. Special questions all depend on the interrogative pronouns; Yes-no questions all depend on the interrogative modal particles; Alternative questions all depend on correlative representing selecting relation; Positive-negative questions all depend on the forms of positive or negative. Differences are: There are unique formats of Alternative questions of the Xupu Xianghua dialect as "a" can be used;the format of negative state of completion and experience,in which circumstance the negative word "mei" is used in the Modern Chinese Mandarin、the Toad Accent and Southwest Mandarin, therefore, forming "you mei you", however,"bu"is used in the Xianghua dialect of Xupu, forming "you bu you";Besides"[pa33i42]"and"[vaη42]"are used in the end of the sentences of the Xupu Xianghua dialect, which is equal to the usage of "mei you" in the Modern Chinese Mandarin.