The Right And The Good: Rawls Deontological Theory

Justice and goodness is not only the basic category of moral philosophy, butalso a basic standard to distinguish the difference nature of the doctrine of moralphilosophy. The justice and good relationship issues are reflected in the discussion ofRawls and utilitarianism, utilitarianism is a kind of teleological theories, utilitarianismthought that if the main system of a society can make most people get the mosthappiness, the society is good, so it is justice. In utilitarianism, good is the priorityright. Rawls ’s criticism of utilitarianism is put forward from different aspects, oneof the most important is pointed out that as a a kind of teleological theoriesutilitarianism is wrong. And in Rawls ’s book “A theory of justice”of part iii, Rawlsdiscusses the definition of good. Rawls thinks that the definition of a good does notcontain a good general formula is determined, the meaning of this kind only has beenor will be generated from the link before, during, and after that to explain the specificoccasion. And utilitarianism if put good first, they need a kind of highest good tounify all kinds of good,but the utilitarianism coulidn ’t find the highest good, so theutilitarianism is fundamentally wrong. Rawls on the relationship between justice andgoodness is very complicated, Rawls ’s two principles of justice is introduced basedon his good "weak theory" basis.Followed by combining the principles of justice andhis good "weak theory", a strong theory about "good" came from a weak theory. InRawls’s opinion, justice is higher than that of the good. Although Rawls’s two justiceprinciples is based on the use of "weak theory", this basic goodness is morally neutral,for the thing which is used to judge things are good or bad ideas is not necessarilywhat the right thing." This is why the good concept itself is not good to form thebasis for moral judgment and moral evaluation.Only legitimate and the principle ofjustice can be used to weigh the conflict proposition about "good", because theprinciples are selected from the original state.Although in Rawls’s view justice is totake precedence over good, but at the same time Rawls also wants to show that justiceis consistent with good harmony. In the Rawls on the right and the good relationship, Sandel clearly oppses the opinion. From Rawls’s concept of"self", rational pluralismof fact, the conflict between moral and religious problems, Sandel criticizes Rawls’sopinion t for the right takes precedence over the good.