The Social Economic And Cultural Impact Of BaShu Area From ShanShan Immigrants In The Qing Dynasty

Bashu region due to vast ruins in the period of late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, caused by wars and plagues, had been retarded in terms of social and ecological environment. Following such ruins, there existed a serious imbalance between population and land. For the purpose of restoring order and rebuilding in such region, the Qing government made a preferential policy to encourage immigration to SiChuan province from the rest part of China. In this background, a large number of immigrants from HuGuang, JiangXi, FuJian, ShanShan regions came to BaShu in the early Qing Dynasty. And such large scale immigration movement have been known as "HuGuang filling in SiChuan". The movement began from KangXi period(1671) and ended in QianLong period(1776), lasting for105years. Because of extensive source of immigrants, large number of immigrants, it is representative of the population migration in the history of China. Also for this reason, BaShu area formed the "five sides" contacts pattern of immigration, they changed the demographics of BaShu region in the Qing Dynasty, therefore causing a great impact on society, economy and culture of this region. And what direction HuGuang, southern JiangXi, FuJian and other examinations immigrants, ShanShan immigrants belongs to the north and south direction of the north.Immigrants from HuGuang, JiangXi, FuJian and other provinces belonged to the east and west direction. In contrast, immigrants from ShanShan belonged to the north and south direction. The two provinces of Shanxi and ShaanXi are located in the Yellow River basin, falling into the Yellow River civilization. And BaShu region is located in the southwest corner of China, belonging to the upper Yangtze River basin. Immigrants from Shanshan had played a significant role in "Hu Guang to Sichuan" immigration wave in the Early Qing Dynasty. Because of their huge economic, political and cultural potential, they exercised a great far-reaching influence on Basu community. Therefore, through a comprehensive study of this process, we can gain an insight into the nature of region immigrant community of Sichuan-ChongQing, discovering some Cultural genes of Bashu society. This article is based on this understanding, focusing on the role of ShanShan in shaping BaShu society in Qing Dynasty, hoping to contribute to some understanding of the nature of pluralism of BaShu society. The first part is introduction, including the reasons of choosing this topic, the meaning of such research, some conceptions, academic history review, the difficulties and methods of the research.The second part reveals the background and the main course of ShanShan immigration in the Qing Dynasty in BaShu society. In the sense of population movement, the background and motivations of macroexamination immigrants, and the immigration of ShanShan in BaShu area is a part of this movement. Due to the national population expansion in Ming and Qing Dynasty, population decline in BaShu area, the tense contradiction between human and land in other parts, etc, there was a large population movement into BaShu from the rest part of China, forming a phenominon in the history of Chinese immigration tide. Behand such movement, natural, social and economic element all had a great role.The third part is based on "face" among points, lines and planes, firstly examining the general situation about the name of ShanShan immigration places, in order to provide an overall look at the BaShu immigrant society. Comprehensive immigration place names can reflect ShanShan immigrant community in the whole history of the presence of BaShu, where the related study on the distribution and structure of these immigrants geographic place names that ShanShan immigrants in BaShu is an objective historical society exists, there is a stream variable process.The fourth part is a further investigation of immigration-officials from ShanShan. They are so powerful that this sect focuses on analysis of its roles and influence to confirm its importance to BaShu by drawing its space-time distributionThe fifth part changes into another immigrants categories of spontaneous migration.This part also takes the main influence on BaShu into consideration, Including the construction and operation of the ShanShan immigration hall in BaShu. This sect deems that ShanShan Industrial and commercial hall had special influence by its the background and type of establishment. Following outling of its space-time distribution, we then concentrate on analysis of its function and emphasis on the special influence which ShanShan immigrants had made through its industrial and commercial hall.The sixth part is focused on the interaction between ShanShan immigrants and BaShu society, going deep into the economic and cultural tiers. Mainly by way of taking example, this sect focuses on the impact of ShanShan brewing culture on BaShu society and economy, and the one of the entertainment culture on opera. The influence of Immigrant culture on local one is a two-way interaction in whicn both were cnangea,(?) this way the BaShu culture has got a more diversified inclusive nature.