Research Of The Mongolia National Literacy Education

Modern anti-illiteracy movement is one of the important causes of Mongolia culture and education, the need of the social progress and also the inevitable outcome of social development. Before the Mongolian people’s revolutionary victory, national illiteracy rate was as high as99.2%, and there was no formal school, only has private school or college. At that time, ordinary citizens’ children didn’t have the ability to study and only the nobles’ children could enjoy education.In December,1911the Mongolian nobility and Lama announced "Autonomy" in Kulun,and national autonomy was supported by the Russian. In1921, the Mongolian people’s revolution won victory, they declared independence and performed a monarchy. In1924, the Mongolia abolished the monarchy and established Peoples’ Republic. In the early, there was not conducive to the development of anti-illiteracy movement in Mongolia such as a weak economy, the backward culture and education, prevalence of Lamaism, the fussy of ideology, scattered nomadic life. Since then, the Mongolia used for reference of the Soviet education mode, began to practice anti-illiteracy education that was lead by government. In21st century,97.8%of the popeulation in Mongolia reached literacy, and for decades of anti-illiteracy education achived remarkable results.This article is divided into three chapters. The first chapter discussed the education situation and social form of Mongolia before the revolutionary victory in1921. The second chapter described the content of Mongolia anti-illiteracy education that included the background, practice process and development and transformation of the national anti-illiteracy education. The third chapter analyzed the achievements and limitations of the Mongolia anti-illiteracy education.