A Study On Preface Criticism

"Style" contains two layers of connotations:the concrete form and the abstract ontology, while "genre" is the most basic style form. As a rational humanities activity opposite to perceptual literature, literary criticism has its own stylistic category, namely critical style, which also contains two layers of connotation:form and ontology. The preface is a kind of style divided by genre. The preface used to be listed in the compilation of poetry and prose, which symbolizes that the preface is a kind of style. The preface is a kind of style of literary criticism, and the body of the preface may involve the preface of poetry and prose, the preface of a book and the preface of a corpus. The contents of the preface are mainly concerned with the cause and the process of poetry writing or corpus compilation, the gist of the work, the author’s family tradition and family background as well as the general introduction of the chapters and the style of the work. In general, the contents of the preface are involved with the literary concepts, the significance of the poetry, the evaluation of the work, the reason and the motivation of the creation, and stylistic research, etc, which contains various style concepts, plentiful literary theories, and abundant theoretical resources of literary criticism. The preface is relatively independent on its form, and it has referential function to the object text.The origin of Preface Criticism has text and academic two aspects. Texts is the basic material for Preface Criticism origin research. There are four kind of its text origin:First, the texts that contain some important elements of Preface Criticism, but not named "Xu". Second, the texts whose named "Xu" by people when they get the concept of text style. Third, the text that called "Xu" and actually being a preface in the early phase when people don’t get the concept of text style. Fourth, the texts named "Shulu","Xulu","Ziji", and so on. They could be a origin of Preface Criticism, because their style, text location and function are similar to Preface. As a way of the text, Style origin through human behavior. There are two important academic activities that is closely related with Preface Criticism. One is the classic interpretation and sorting activity of the pre-Qin period and Han dynasty. The other is the consciousness of writing consciousness in Han Dynasty, which promote the creation of Preface."Shu" is a way of classic-writing, the two types of academic activities into Preface text formed by this way. it tried to restore to the original meaning of the text and the text of the contradiction between the original meaning, basically do not have to, is the root of sequence body criticism nature.Preface establish to become a stylistic criticism is in the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties. At the time, began to mature literary criticism, literary theory and literary criticism activities are very prosperous, people began to discover and explore the beauty of the article, stylistic awareness began consciously, which promoted the Preface Criticism objectively established. The conscious of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties’Preface Criticism ideas mainly manifested in two aspects:First, the Preface creation of prosperity, mainly in the Preface object expanding, corpus Preface, Party Preface began to produce, there has asked people to preface phenomenon, Preface began to be pre-order, new preface that is putted at the end of a book comes into being; Second, literary theory and literary criticism active confirm to the establishment of Preface Criticism, mainly in Liu Xie’s "Wenxindiaolong Lunshuo" confirm to the critical features, as well as "Wenxuan" on the confirmation of Preface as a stylistic.The stylistic characteristics and critical features of preface criticism are just like two sides of a coin, and the former is the embodiment of the latter, while the latter is the connotation of the former. Its stylistic characteristics and critical features mainly cover three aspects:first, the relative independence and the epilogue symbolize that the preface has referential function to the object text and mutually construct the meaning space of the text with the object text, which is a sign of preface criticism. Second, the contents of the preface criticism mainly include the reveal of the significance of the poetry, the narration of the author’s family tradition and family background, the narration of literature activities, the evaluation of the work and the editorial standards, which reflects the focus and the criticism method of preface criticism. Third,"taking narration as argument" is the main way of expression in preface criticism; it attempts to build another event associated with the object text or describe a fact associated with it outside the object text,and then form a meaning space between them. "Preface", as the stylistic name of preface criticism, indicates the notion of "the shuttle’s leaking the truth out". Based on this concept, people attempt to explore the facts and the truth of the text through the preface. However, the radical unaccessability of the facts and the truth endows the preface with the characteristics of criticism. The preface, in reality, conducts criticism in the name of preface.