A Study Of British Unemployment Countermeasures During The National Government Period (1931-1940)

This article researches the government unemployment countermeasures in theBritish National Government period. By the introduction to the serious unemployment ofBritish and the background of the National Government which takes the office, itanalyses the bad social influence of the British unemployment situation. It starts from thepolicies of improving unemployment security and promoting to increase the employment,it states the unemployment countermeasures in the British National Government perioddetailedly.Finally, it summarizes the characteristic of the unemployment countermeasuresand the effects of the British National Government.This article comprises three parts: First, introduction; Second, main body; Third,conclusion.The first part is introduction, it introduces the meaning of the selected topic, theresearch summary of the British unemployment situation and unemploymentcountermeasures during the two world wars by the domestic and overseas scholars, italso introduces the research thought, the structure and the definitions of related concepts.The second part is the main body of the article, it includes three chapters. Firstchapter is the background introduction, the content is about the unemployment situationthe national government faces when it takes office and in the office, it involves theunemployment quantity statistics, distribution, characteristic and the generated badinfluence. The second chapter mainly introduces the unemployment countermeasuresfrom passivity part and initiative part of the British Government. Between this two parts,the passivity policy’s content is improving unemployment relief system, regarding timeas the thread, stating the ‘Threefold’ unemployment program and ‘Dual’ unemploymentprogram separately; The initiative countermeasure is improving employment, frommacroscopic to specific, introducing the currency and trade policy’s adjustment in themacroscopic term, promoting the industry recovery policy, organizing the labourmigration and training, and the policies to the special areas plan of the depression district.The third chapter summarizes the three traits of the unemployment countermeasures ofBritish National Government, which includes the diversification of unemploymentcountermeasures, concentrated methodization of unemployment relief, differentiation ofthe government interference, it makes the assesses of the unemploymentcountermeasures’ effects from the initiative part and the passivity part. The third part is the conclusion, through the analyses to the British Nationalcountermeasures of the unemployment, it analyses the provided experience and lessonsfor the contemporary countries in the term of managing unemployment. Solving theunemployment problems must accord with the basic economic development laws,starting from the traits of the country, giving full play to the government, then combiningthe forces of government and market organically.