Study On The Impacts Of Labor Migration On Vulnerability Of Farmer Household’s Livelihood

Chongqing as a young municipality, labor resources are mainly concentrated in ruralareas, rural areas have been more serious labor surplus long before, the transfer of surplusrural labor force is an inevitable choice of the economic and social development.Migrant–working as the most common livelihood strategy in China’s western rural areasrelated to farmers’ life, not only lead to significant changes in household income, better tohave a profound impact on the development of the family livelihood. The study of livelihoodsvulnerability could lead to a comprehensive analysis of the status and viability of thelivelihood of the family from multiple perspectives. It is an effective method to study theproblem of farmer household’s livelihood of the rural labor outflow region. So, base onclarifying the migrant farmer household’s livelihood vulnerability mutual relations, studyweather the migrant can affect the vulnerability of farmer household’s livelihood. How thevulnerability of farmer household’s livelihood is showed. What’s the difference of theinfluences of different migrant characteristics of livelihood vulnerability, it is necessary thatwe explain.Firstly, from the theoretical aspects give a further analysis to the definition of theconcept of the vulnerability of farmer household’s livelihood, Determine the operationaldefinition of this study, that is “the vulnerability of farmer household’s livelihood" isConstituted by the degree of risk exposure, risk sensitivity and the ability of resilience toshocks. The assessment formula is:“livelihood vulnerability=(degree of risk exposure-ability of resilience to shocks)*risk sensitivity”. On this basis, we established the analysisframework of the vulnerability of farmer household’s livelihood and the theoretical model ofthe way of the influences which are decomposed into direct route and indirect route. And thenthrough the actual research data from Chongqing Hechuan, show the comparison between thevulnerability of migrant–working farmer household’s livelihood and the immigrant–workingfarmer household’s livelihood, also econometric analysis the influences of migrant–workingto the vulnerability of farmer household’s livelihood, and last arrive at the conclusion of thestudy.The results showed that: First, the value of migrant farmer household’s livelihood vulnerability is less than that of the non-migrant farmer household, migrant farmerhousehold’s risk exposure and risk sensitivity is greater than that of non-migrant farmers,migrant farmer household’s ability of resilience to shocks is also significantly higher than thatof non-migrant farmer household; Second, the results of directly affection show that themigrant-working have a significant negative impact on farmer household’s livelihoodvulnerability, but have a significant positive impact on the degree of exposure and the abilityof resilience to shocks, working out of Chongqing has a significant positive impact on farmerhousehold’s livelihood vulnerability,risk exposure and risk sensitivity, the number of migrantworkers have a significant negative impact on farmer household’s livelihood vulnerability andrisk sensitivity, have a significant positive impact on the risk exposure and the level oflivelihood assets; Third, the results of indirectly affection show that the migrant-working hasa significant positive impact on the level of farmers’ income, the level of income has asignificant negative impact on farmer household’s livelihood vulnerability, have a significantpositive impact on the ability of resilience to shocks. The above conclusions offer policyideas on how to decrease the vulnerability of farmer household’s livelihood, and advice tofarmers on migrant-working.