Marx’s Conception Of Justice And Its Enlightenments To Contemporary China

In human history of ideas, justice is the one of subjects which is the most permanently thought and pursued,but the thought about ti is argued endlessly up to now. The publishment of a theory of justice by John Rawls caused a revival of political philosophy.The trend have also influenced china,and more and more people have thought and studied society’s problems from the perspective of justice.Although china very early formed the traditional conception of justice and interest,the true study of just in the academic sense only began after reform and openness. Since reform and openness,it have been gradully a prominent social problem that the resident’s income gap in our country was widenning,and justice have been a hot spot,and the study on the conception of justice in Marx and Engels have also gradully spread.The production of Marx’s conception of justice not only have the background conditions of the age in economy,politics,science,culture and so on, also have its origin of thought.Marx critically drawn the ancient Greek philosophy,the classical philosophy of German,the classical political economics, the Utopian socialism and their justice thought,formed his own historical materialist concept of justice.The formation of Marx’s conception of justice experienced three stages.The first stage is the stage of inheritance of justice.In doctoral thesis and Rheinische Zeitung period,marx looked forword to and pursued justice,and inherited western traditional liberal conception of justice and classical justice.The second stage is the stage of criticism to the liberal conception of justice,and Marx’s conception of justice produced.Critique of Hegel’s law philosophy is beginning of criticism,and it provide materialism foundation for Marx think justice problem.In German and french yearbook period,the criticism developped and deepenned.In "problems concerning the jews",Marx analyse and criticise the liberal conception of justice from the material property relationship;"Critique of Hegels law philosophy introduction" lay up the standpoint of proletariat and the direction of the communism for Marx think justice problem.In1844economics and phylosophy manuscript Marx analyse justice problem from material production field,and this is the bud of viewpoint that production decide justice.Marx made the liberal conception of justice come down to concepts reflect and maintenance of alienated labor,and this is finishment of criticism to the liberal conception of justice within the scope of speculative philosophy. The third stage is the stage in which Marx’s historical materialism conception of justic formed.This period,Marx criticised mainly the justice of Proudhonism,the justice of Lassallism,the Duhring’s conception of justice of the time.At the same time,because Marx applied the historical materialism,the new criticism means,the liberal conception of justice,etc.all the justice of non-Marxism suffered criticism\sublation,and Marx’s unique historical materialism conception of justice formed.After clarifying the formation process of Marx’s conception of justice,this paper structures the basic theory framework of Marx’s conception of justice, and offers that Marx’s conception of justice contains the following element.First,the historical materialism is the philosophy methodology foundation,Marx studies justice problem by dialectics,this achieves methodology revolution of justice study in human history of ideas,is true scientific new pattern.Second,material production is the starting point of which Marx studied justice.Marx investigated justice starting from material production,and put forword many frontal viewpoint on justice.Third,human liberation and free comprehensive development is Marx’s justice ideal.The most notable characteristic of Marx’s conception of justice is its criticism to various kinds of the justice of non-Marxism,but the criticism also is sublation at the same time.Marx didn’t deny and abandon all justice popularly.He is as proletariat’s theorist,stand at the position of the proletariat,have the proletariat’s conception of justice of eliminate classes.The final reality of this conception of justice is communism,and is human liberation and free comprehensive development.This is Marx’s justice ideal and value aim that he pursued.Early in "problems concerning the jews",Marx put forword the aim of human liberation;in "Critique of Hegel’s law philosophy introduction",Marx already turn to communism;in1844economics and phylosophy manuscript,Marx demonstrate historical inevitability of communism.The foundation of the historical materialism, the proletariat revolution theory and the theory of scientific socialism seek out a scientific way for eliminating classes,setting up communism.Fourth,criticalness and practicalness is essential characteristic of Marx’s conception of justice. criticalness and practicalness of Marx’s conception of justice is inherently uniform. Criticalness mean that Marx’s conception of justice base on criticism to all the justice of non-Marxism,also mean change all unreasonable and injustice reality and set up justice and this is practicalness.The socialism conception of justice in contemporary china should be a justice conception of Marxism,should structure it based on Marx’s conception of justice,should possess characteristics of practicalness and criticalness. Contemporary china practise market economic system,and this inevitably produce a justice conception possessing liberal nature.We should guide,standard the justice conception,at the same time,affirm its positive function.In socialism chinajustice not only should be formal,should be substantial.