Sichuan Provincial Cooperative Bank Study (1936-1942)

Sichuan region was one of the important bases supporting the front during Anti-Japanese War, to stabilize the rural finance, develop rural economy and promote the cooperative enterprise,the National government established Cooperative Bank Financ-ial Network based on the Sichuan Cooperative Bank,Chongqing Cooperative Bank and those in other counties gradually. According to the existing research results in aca-demia,the monographic study of Sichuan Cooperative Bank had not been valued,and the research findings were rare.Hackling the general archives on Sichuan Cooperative Bank,substantive periodicals and magazines during the Republic of China in Sichuan archives,the thesis selects the Sichuan Cooperative Bank as an important inspecting object,investigates the background,development and changes,organizational structure and personnel system of the Sichuan Cooperative Bank, probes the detailed businesse-s systemically,evaluates Sichuan Cooperative Bank with the historical facts on those bases,tries to comprehend the positive effects,defects and shortcomings of Sichuan Cooperative Bank.Sichuan Cooperative Bank was in the charge of a complete set of rules and regulati-ons from the rise to the suspension of business,compared to other financial institutions, this management did not seem to be lack of intensity. The launchment of three main businesses by Sichuan Cooperative Bank and its paved counties’Cooperat-ive Bank had an positive effect on the rural economic development in Sichuan Province, but after analyzing the three businesses carefully, we find that cooperative loan services simply based on unsecured loan could not meet the capital demands of the vast rural areas in Sichuan Province,at the same time,the struggling deposit business could not solve the capital sources required by Sichuan Cooperative Bank and its paved countie-s’Cooperative Bank,in comparison,the exchange business was more developed. In oth-er words, the loan,deposit and exchange business did not formed a virtuous circle in Sichuan Cooperative Bank and its paved counties’Cooperative Bank.More importantl-y,the source of shareholders was a fatal factor restricting their development,namely,t-he advocate shares subscribed by the shareholders occupied a larger proportion,never- theless,the shares conceived by the credit associations and cooperatives held a smaller proportion,it is the problem did not get the timely and proper solution that led to the emergence of questions ultimately,such as the external dependence of capital sources, the imbalance of loan target,the complexity of loan formalities,the limited amount of loans and lending time conflict,lack of professional personnel.Simultaneously,these problems could not be solved in time,so the Sichuan Cooperative Bank declared suspense after the implementation of bank specialization in1942.Through the analysis of the Sichuan Cooperative Bank,I have obtained the followi-ng revelations:firstly, the implementation of any system or organization can not direc-ly copy foreign models;it must adapte to national conditions;secondly,the sound deve-lopment of any organization should improve steadily,it can not be done overnight;fin-ally,only by correctly handling the relationship among government,society and indivi-dual can the three complement each other and develop jointly.