The Establishment And Its Activities Of Mengjiang Bank During The Japanese-Puppet Regime Period

The puppet regime in Mengjiang was the puppet regime established by the Japanese and puppets after they occupied Zhangjiakou,Datong and Suiyuan,and was the only puppet regime established by Japanese aggressors in minority areas.From the government of the Mongolian military to the Mongolian Autonomous State,the formation process of the puppet Mengjiang regime also embodies its particularity different from other puppet regimes.From the Mongolian local autonomy movement headed by the Mongolian Prince De Muchuk Dong Rupu(hereinafter referred to as De Wang),it finally evolved into a collusion between the German Prince and Japan and finally formed the puppet Mengjiang regime.It makes the regime of the puppet Mengjiang possess dual nature,which includes the aggression of Japan to China from outside and the national separatism within the country.During the period of the puppet Mengjiang regime,the policy of economic control was widely implemented in the areas under its jurisdiction,covering almost all industries in Mengjiang.Financial,transportation,trade,materials,minerals,livestock,communications,grain,opium and other economic sectors were under control.In general,the way of Japanese economic control in Mengjiang is through formulating,promulgating and implementing relevant laws and regulations,and following the principle of "one line,one community" tocontrol a certain area of the economy through power.The pseudo-Mengjiang bank described in this paper is the institution that Japan controls Mengjiang finance.From the beginning of occupying Zhangjiakou,Japan prepared to set up financial institutions to integrate the monetary and financial sectors in the occupied areas.In this way,the predecessor of the pseudo-Mengjiang Bank,the pseudo-Chanan Bank,emerged at the historic moment.During the period of Puppet Chanan Bank,Japan accelerated the recovery of old currency and began to build a new monetary mechanism.After the establishment of the Puppet Mengjiang Bank,Japan gradually completed the unification of currency and formed a new monetary mechanism.Promoted by the unified financial control policy,Japan established three industrial banks under the pseudo-Mengjiang Bank as the central bank,which realized the unification of financial institutions.So far,the finance of Mengjiang was completely in the hands of Japan.As the largest financial institution under Japanese rule in Mengjiang,Puppet Mengjiang Bank has not only the operations of central banks such as making and issuing currency,acting as treasury fund business,but also the deposit and deposit business of ordinary businesses.This paper starts with two aspects to study the pseudo-Mengjiang banks: one is based on their daily deposits,remittances,Treasury funds,money manufacturing and issuance,goods entrusted custody business,to analyze the operationof the pseudo-Mengjiang banks;the other is to analyze the super-economic operation of the pseudo-Mengjiang banks in the Mengjiang region through the monetary and financial policies implemented by the pseudo-Mengjiang government by the pseudo-Mengjiang banks.And the enormous disaster it brought to the people of Mengjiang.The Bank of Puppet Mengjiang is a highly aggressive and exploitative financial institution established by Japan in the occupied area of Mengjiang.The study of the Bank of Puppet Mengjiang can help the Chinese to see more clearly the exploitation and plunder of Mengjiang during the Anti-Japanese War.Because of the particularity of Mengjiang economy,Japan's exploitation in Mengjiang region is more thorough and brutal than other occupied areas.Mengjiang is also the earliest region to realize the unification of monetary system.The strict control of monetary currency in Mengjiang has made Japan firmly grasp the economic lifeline of Mengjiang and laid a solid economic foundation for its strategic decision-making of maintaining war and the need of regime consolidation.