Shanghai during the island period from1937November when most of Shanghai was occupied in the hands of Japanese, to1941December when Pearl Harbor incident broke out and then the Japanese invasion of Shanghai concession. During this period, the land around the Shanghai concession for the Japanese occupation, only Britain and France and other countries control the small piece of land by the Japanese forces beyond survived, so called "island". In the four years, the opening of Shanghai culture and the culture of absorb anything and everything is destroyed, cultural facilities are destroyed mostly. However, after a period of Shanghai from all walks of life struggle together, Shanghai cultural development is a new development trend, combined with the war and showing new features. Translated literature as one branch of cultural field, with the tide of the times with the special trajectory of its development. This article takes the period of Shanghai island as the research background, analyzes translated literature in the development environment of the island during the period before and after, and analyzes the causes, characteristics, development of translated literature in the four years and the cause of this phenomenon and its influence. The purpose of this article is around Shanghai for more than four years, although the cultural environment has been severely damaged, but the translation literature is not stagnant, but with a new development trends and characteristics, and caused a certain influence on society. This article consist of five parts.The first chapter presents the significance and research method of the topic and the present situation of domestic research are reviewed.The second chapter discusses the eight one three incident of Shanghai cultural environment. The first part published from the economic, newspapers and magazines, literature and art, education, the spread of western culture, reveal the eight one three incident, the overall environment and the development level of cultural development in Shanghai. The second part discusses the eight one three incident broke out after the fall of Shanghai, the Japanese damage the culture of Shanghai environmental. A detailed description of the Japanese bombing of the loss caused by the Japanese army in Shanghai, the cultural policy of enslavement, as well as in the current situation of Shanghai culture life of people in distress, in order to reveal a baptism of fire after the Shanghai cultural circles.The third chapter discusses the translation literature and the development during the period of island.Writer from the number of publications, translation of literature subject characteristic,Breadth of translation translation works and translation article expression tendency of ideological to analyze the overall form of translation works island development period. Analyze the translation of literary development insufficient due to environmental factors. Then from the perspective of theme of this period by the development achievements, and enumerates some excellent works briefly on its, make the analysis more specific enrichen.The fourth chapter focuses on the analysis of the reasons for the formation of current literature translation during the period of island. The author summarized the reason has four point.The first:fighting in the island culture efforts; second:media publishing, newspapers, periodicals and other support; third:influence of complexity and particularity of political environment, geographical position of translated literature; Fourth:the Chinese Communist Party leadership and support for cultural work of Shanghai during the period of island. Through sufficient argument to each influence factor analysis so as to form the research results of this chapter present situation reason.The fifth chapter is the last part in this paper, mainly on translated literature history value and realistic significance in during the period of island of Shanghang. Mainly from two aspects:the cultural contribution to the Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai and the Chinese Anti-Japanese War Culture and literature value. From the Shanghai war sense:first of all, during the period of the island translators introduced the articles jive the hope of life to the people of Shanghai and as promote role in war to vigorously; secondly, in the difficult period of cultural center position of Shanghai wanes, the sustainable development of Shanghais literature translation has driven the development of other cultural undertakings; again, the development of during the period the island, Shanghai translation literature enriched the spiritual life of people in Shang. From the National Anti-Japanese War perspective:first, Shanghai during the period of island,translated literature is an integral part of the entire Chinese translation literature; secondly, the island during the period of translation works including propaganda war, influence, and touch the nation and even the world boutique.