Consciousness Of The Southern Song Dynasty Home Country Literati

Jianghu-Poet is such a group of literati in our country in the middle and later Southern Song Dynasty who actived in the bottom of the literary world. The word Jianghu is a geographical concept originally, but in Chinese ancient society, jianghu has been endowed with cultural connotation, it refers to the place of the frustrated wandered about,and the place of the literati and scholar-bureaucrats etired from the world. Jianghu-Poet is the outcast of imperial examination system, detached from the literati class. People in this group are powerless and unable to obtain fame through military service such as fighting the enemy to serve the country. Eventually they only or live a vagabond life or sponge on the officials. The words Home and country belong to the proposition of political philosophy, the book of THE GREAT LEARNING said "The ancients who wished to illustrate illustrious virtue throughout the kingdom, first ordered well their own states. Wishing to order well their states, they first regulated their families. Wishing to regulate their families, they first cultivated their persons. Wishing to cultivate their persons, they first rectified their hearts......Their hearts being rectified, their persons were cultivated. Their persons being cultivated, their families were regulated. Their families being regulated, their states were rightly governed." The influence of Confucianism for thousands of years without failure.The idea of home and country in the Song Dynasty country accompanied by deep ethnic conflicts. The Northern and Southern Song Dynasty put mental training above physical training, confront the northern minority regime over a long period of time. It’s hard to avoid shrouding in the shadow of war over the literati hearts. The nation and the temple, belong to the same structure, represents the authorities. The temple and jianghu belong to two different ways of life and different category. Fan Zhongyan proposed in the Yueyang Tower " When he is in high postion at court, he concerned about the people, when he is in remote place, he concerned about his emperor." He put the relationship between the temple and jianghu very clearly Jianghu-Poet is in the contradiction of the temple and jianghu.The first chapter mainly introduces the social background of the rise of Jianghu-Poet. the Southern Song Dynasty is in a period of great social change. The rise of the public sectors and materialistic thought have a certain effect on the rise of Jianghu-Poet. With some new development of the imperial examination system in Song Dynasty, Jianghu-Poet due to not adapt to the the imperial examination, so have failed. As official road is not smooth, they are forced to live in the bottom of society. This chapter also refers to various kinds of relations, such as the temple and jianghu, seclusion and official career etc.The second chapter takes the thought of Home and Country as the main research object, the family and the country are the two extremes of traditional Chinese society. There is close contact between both:From "the world as one community" to "the world home", from "self-cultivation" to "rule of law", which are advocated by the concept of Home and Country in Confucian society. Confucianism has a rapid development in The Song Dynasty, Owing to the concept of "rule the world together with the scholar-officials ", the patriotic of people in Song Dynasty has the characteristics of Confucianism, In the eyes of literati,"the world" is obviously neither the swordsman’s satisfaction world, nor the unconventional world of zhuang zi, they inherited the Confucian personality, so the thought of Home and Country also appeared in the cultural spirit of the scholar-bureaucrats of song dynasty.The third chapter is the main part of the paper, primarily from the angle of poetry of Jianghu-Poet. Jianghu-Poet has a large number of Patriotic Poems, which can be used as important basis for us to study the Chinese thought of Home and Country. This paper selects Ao Tao sun, Jiang Kui, Liu Guo, Dai fugu, Yue leifa’s works for analysis. Use a spot but peep at overall situation, we can see their thought of Home and Country.In a word, through the research, we learned that Jianghu-Poet in later period of Southern Song Dynasty have intervene political determination because of the national strength was declining, but God did not give them the opportunity; although they sink into the bottom of the society, still have a mentality of "humble but care for the fate of the nation "; Facing up to the decadency political situation and the dilapidated nation, they satirized the noblemen, or directly petitioned to the court, but the authorities not to regard it as right.Then the "Jianghu poem case" happened, it was a very big blow for this batch of literati, The conceit of intervene the political had become the bubble. The later Jianghu-Poet apparently without previous scholar’s obsession, mainly fell into the attic tavern, sent interest in poetry, which is also the mourning of political situation during this period. Researching this batch of Jianghu-Poet’s home and country though, means that it can enable us to have a preliminary understanding of the underworld society and help to clarify the relationship between the "benefit all the people in the world" and the "care for themselves" of the Jianghu-Poet.