Management Of The Republic Of Expatriates In Kunming

Kunming as the regional center of the city of the southwest border, earlier there were foreign business travel and living phenomenon. As early as the Western Han Dynasty, the Yunnan region is the Southwest Silk Road must pass through. Long frontier of economic and cultural exchanges with the tributary system adapted to bring long-term stability of the southwest border situation. During the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Western expatriates with marine technology progress and colonization rising came to China’s coastal areas. But China is still in a strong feudal civilization to take the negative closed-door policy to limit the exchange in the West. Into the modern period, the Qing government backwardness and incompetence in again and again with the powers of the military and diplomatic battle exposed. Continue to sink in the background of the semi-colonial and semi-feudal society in China, most Western expatriates in China enjoying the the unequal treaties privilege protection. Late Qing government more and more difficult by the previously isolated negative ideas to deal with the realities of Western foreign personnel to go to the Mainland. China as the core of the tributary system are constantly falling apart, the original Tribute countries to gradually shift recognizes only Western-style diplomatic relations, such as Siam. In this situation, the late Qing government is still in the passive state, the Late Qing also refused to approve the establishment of special Foreign Affairs Office recommended. This period of Yunnan, Yunnan expatriates increasing number of British and French colonial forces invaded. Especially with the Vietnam Railway and the Kunming-open commercial port, Kunming expatriates and their bodies gained faster. However, the negative attitude of the central government on the management of expatriates due to the late Qing Dynasty, the local government of Yunnan only, such as other parts of the same treaty as the legal basis for the foreign policy of the local officials for the management program. For example, the incidence of Kunming lesson plans and resolution procedure is a good example.The Republic of China, the nature of the regime change brought turn Kunming expatriate management. The government of the Republic of actively for peace negotiations, to change the shackles of the unequal treaty system, explore foreign personnel management system construction, and provide a better external conditions for the construction of Kunming expatriate management. As to a further increase of the number of expatriates in Yunnan and Kunming police building depth Kunming expatriate management transition gradually by the government and the police department also responsible for the situation to create a specialized foreign personnel management.1930s Kunming specialized expatriate management agencies Beginning of the Period of the Founding. After the outbreak of war, the ROC government moved westward, as the southwest border center of the city of Kunming, the geographical advantage of rapid improvement. Kunming, but also an ordinary domestic city into the city much the focus of international attention. In the situation of war, protection against spyware, rational and effective way to treat countries to abnormal Yunnan expatriate management issues prominent. To this end, the national government issued a large number of management laws and decrees, the management of differentiated according to the different types of foreign personnel, in order to ensure validity goals of the founding of the War of Resistance Against Japan ". Kunming Police Department Foreign Affairs Office plays a very important role in this process. After the end of the war, Kunming away from the civil war, is still in a stable social order. With the elimination of the fascist forces, Kunming expatriate management is also gradually moving towards peace-building. It has a better reflected in the management of of enemy nationality and foreign guests. It is worth noting that in the1930s, forties, the construction and development of the Kunming expatriate management is carried out in the context of the deepening of the central authority. And the Republic of Kunming expatriate management than ever, has some distinct features.