"Migrant Workers Shortage" Cause Analysis And Countermeasures

It was recognized that there were an infinite supply of simple labor with a large army of surplus rural labor force for a long time. However, the outbreak and overspread of "migrant workers shortage" at the end of2003broke the myth and had a broad and far-reaching impact on economic and social development of china, which attracted many scholars’attention. Based on the previous research result as reference, the paper analyses thoroughly the present situation of "migrant worker shortage" from many angles and put forward several practical countermeasures and suggestions.The first chapter generally introduces the background and significance of the research and summarizes causes and countermeasures in previous study. The thought and method of research are detailed.In the second chapter, the present situation, development of "migrant workers shortage" and labor scarcity in each region are depicted. The positive and negative influences of the phenomena are also described.The third chapter is the major part, including a multi-angle through and profound analysis of causes of "migrant worker shortage. In aspect of economy, opportunity costs of migrant work for peasant increase continuously because of prolonged working hour and low wage as well as narrowed urban-rural gap resulted from incremental agricultural investment and policies of promoting farmer’s income. As to supply and demand, some provinces that used to be prominent in export of labor service become a "depression" absorbing peasant workers on account of nationwide economic development with the growing demand for labors. Furthermore, the declined labor-age population due to Chinese child-bearing policy and expansion of university enrolment and the enhanced trend of peasant labor’s inter-province employment bring about a shrinking external labor supply. And the new-generation migrant workers with better educational background are unwilling to take dirty and strenuous work jobs, which is a subjective factor for "migrant worker shortage". In addition, there is no sufficient institutional guarantee on the rights and interests of peasant worker who are hindered in merging into city life.In the fourth chapter, countermeasures against "migrant worker shortage" are explored. Governments at all levels are supposed to take a more active attitude to ease the shortage:making migrant workers benefit from economic growth by policy of raising their wage; guiding industry upgrading to lower the demand for low-grade labor force; perfecting the social security system and strengthening the social security service; improving the construction and management of personnel market and diversifying the method of career-training in order to elevate migrant worker’s labor skill and comprehensive quality; guaranteeing that migrant workers enjoy more rights in democratic management and parity of treatment in children’s education, medical and health care and public services. At last the research conclusion is stated briefly.