Mao Zedong Capitalism Around The Founding Of New China's Understanding

Before the founding of New China, there are three forms of capitalism in China, namely bureaucratic capitalism, national capitalism and the economic occupancy of imperialism. Making different understanding and treatment of the three forms is an important part of Mao Zedong’s understanding of capitalism.When MAO Zedong understanding the bureaucratic capital, he always combining it with the Kuomintang regime. He thinks that the bureaucratic capital is the major means of the Kuomintang regime to control the national economy. It is a tool for squeezing people. Meanwhile, the existence of bureaucratic capital is depending on the political and military power of the Kuomintang regime. Bureaucratic capitalism is the target to be overturned by the new-democratic revolution led by the communist party of China (CPC). It turns from an economic symbol into a political symbol in MAO Zedong’s eyes. MAO Zedong thinks that the bureaucratic capitalism is the most backward and most reactionary, if the CPC want to overthrow the Kuomintang regime, it has to overthrow the bureaucratic capitalism. After the founding of New China, the CPC take a series of measures to reform and confiscate the bureaucratic capitalism and turn them into a socialist state owned economy, to occupy the dominant position in the national economy. Then, the CPC get to lead the economy of China.In the problem of treating national capitalism, MAO Zedong advocates to unite the national bourgeoisie politically. Although the national bourgeoisie is weak and shake, they are different from the bureaucrat-capitalist class, they can join in the process of revolution or be neutral. In the regime of new China, MAO Zedong advocates the representatives of the bourgeoisie should participate in it. After the founding of New China, we also could see the bourgeois figure in the movement of land reform, suppressing counter-revolution and the campaign to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea. In economy, because of the backward of China’s economy. MAO Zedong advocates that we should allow the existence and development of private capitalism in a long time after the victory of revolution, but its existence and development is bound by the national policies and plans. It is both beneficial to the recovery and development of the national economy, but also to the CPC’s control over the economic order. Meanwhile, MAO Zedong sees that the CPC must combat with capitalism between prohibition and anti-prohibition in New China. The movements against the "three evils" and the "five evils" also fight against the bourgeois after the founding of New China. Although there are some bad influence in the movement, but the purpose of the campaign achieved basically. MAO Zedong insists transforming the society in thinking, remoulding those bad thoughts of the bourgeoisie by patriotism and the common program. Meanwhile, this ideological reform movement also has some bad even long-term effect.In the eyes of MAO Zedong, there are many contradictions in the capitalist world, it is extremely corrupt and on the brink of destruction. In the problem of treating foreign capitalism, MAO Zedong stresses that if the Chinese people want to be truly independent, they should remove the privileges of imperialism in China and confiscate the imperialism in China economy. After the founding of new China, although the capitalist countries headed by America take measures to blockade and threat it, MAO Zedong also doesn’t reject to establish diplomatic relations with the capitalistic countries and carry out trade business with them.There are many reasons affect Mao Zedong’s thought and practices on capitalism. In these reasons, MAO Zedong’s personal factors play an important role. The limitations of MAO Zedong’s personal growth makes his understanding of capitalism is not comprehensive enough. Strong identification with socialist ideology also brings him some misunderstanding on capitalism. MAO Zedong’s understanding of new democratic society also has a direct impact on the fate of the capitalism in China. There are a lot of factors affect his understanding of capitalism besides MAO Zedong’s personal factors. The accomplishment of democratic revolution and the rehabilitation of national economy make MAO Zedong acknowledge the existence of capitalism temporarily. The national bourgeoisie and the CPC are on the same side, it also makes MAO Zedong’s understanding of capitalism correct. But the improvement of the domestic situation stimulates the MAO Zedong’s socialist ideal after1953.The New China is in the socialist camp at this time, facing the threat and blockade comes from the capitalism camp. As the only donor of New China, the Soviet Union’s models for socialism must have a significant impact on the construction of New China. Combined with the national emotion stimulated by the aggression and oppression comes from the capitalist countries, etc. All the factors mentioned above affect MAO Zedong’s understanding of capitalism, make him transform the policy from restricting capitalism to reinventing capitalism.