Turkish Military Intervention And Political Modernization Since 1960

As one of the model of political modernization in the Middle East, The Republic of Turkey went through the single-party system to multi-party system, nationalism to liberalism and the growth of Islamic politics. The achievement on politics in Turkey not just related to the education of Kemalism, but also related to the Turkish military. One of the mainly reason why Turkish Politics could develop in the frame of modernization is mainly about the interventions of military. Different from the other developing nations, though Turkey underwent several times of military interventions in the last century, the military dictatorship has no room to survival. The cause for the result is the mature of political modernization in Turkey. There are so much significant to the Middle East countries after2011.This thesis divided into four chapters to study the process, background, influences and the unique of Turkish military interventions.Chapter One is mainly about the statement of the origin of Ottoman military and the historical events on Turkish military interventions. Through the tying up we mentioned above, the readers could know more about the events clearly.Chapter Two analyses the cause of military interventions, besides the first section is about the effect of Kemalism to the military. In the other sections, I analyses the reasons lead to the interventions on politics, economic, society and so on.Chapter Three is mainly about the influence of interventions to the parties in Turkish, constitutionalism and the development of Islam. With the developing of politics in Turkey, the attitude to the Islamic forces has been changed. It is a kind of compromise to military and the actions were supported by the parties and civilizations.Chapter Four is the core of this thesis, compared with other developing countries, Turkey spread out its’own political characteristic before us. The military interventions not only stabilized the country, but also guaranteed the continuation of modernization in Turkey. Besides, through study the theory of Praetorianism, it could improve the theoretical value of this thesis.In my opnion, there are some nature relations between the military politics and the political modernization in Turkey. The military interventions are also an outcome of modernization. With the consummation of political modernization in Turkey, the military will play fewer rules in the stage of politics, though not secede from the field of politics completely. There would more compromises between the military and the governing parties to meet there own political appeals. In any case, Turkey have created a modernization approach which is suitable to his own.