| Reforms of Wang An-shih which lasts from1069to1074, is a Chinese event ofprofound influence in the history. Facing with the tactics of "Defending the inner part andmaking an empty show of strength outside" in a poor and weak national situation, WangAn-shih improved legal education and promoted officials’ legal quality by carrying outdrastic reforms in legal examination system. Nowadays these reforms in legal examinationsystem become a reference to Chinese judicial examination and civil service examination.This paper can be divided into six parts: Because the legal examination reforms ofWang An-shih carried out on the basis of the fomer examination, not only is part of theChinese historical law exam, but also has significant developments. Part one retrospectsthe history evolution of legal examination before the legal examination reforms of WangAn-shih. For the legal examination reforms of Wang An-shih carried out under the specifichistorical conditions and executed to solve the specific problems in that time. Part two,elaborate the historical background of the Reforms of Wang An-shih; Wang’s legalexamination reforms deeply marked his personal feature, also carried out under theguidance of his ideology, and is a part of his overall reform measurement, even be arequirement for other reforms. So part three introduces about Wang An-shih and histhought. The fourth part is the core of this article, which elaborates the new judicial subject,the Chuguanshi, and the Shixingfa and the specialized law exam for primary officials. Lawexams not only based on legal education, but also affect legal education. Legal education isvery prosperity in Song dynasty, while Wang An-shih’s law examination reforms make itmore advanced. Therefore, part five elaborates the legal education in Song Dynasty and thelegal examination reforms of Wang An-shih. Part six discusses the significance of Wang’slegal examination reform, mainly positive reviews, then emphasis the reference on today’sjudicial examination and the civil service exam particularly. |
