The Collectivity And The Practice Of The Village Governance

In the process of the integration of urban and rural areas, lots of resources enter intovillages via the transfer payment, which in turn reshapes the social forces structure of thevillage. The elites who left off the villages return back, and marginal forces are rising up.However, the mode of―rural governance by the rich‖reveals its disadvantages. Theelection of village committees is determined by individual wealth, and bribery behavior isdifficult to control. In this case, rural governance is facing the risks of being disorganizedand non-political. As the majority of the villagers are excluded from the political life, thevillager’s autonomy of which the goals are "democratic elections, democraticdecision-making, democratic management and democratic supervision" is difficult toachieve.Based on the analysis of S village in western Sichuan through case study, this paperfinds out several concludes. Firstly, since the integration of urban and rural areas, thesocial basis of the village governance has changed, and the most of which is the reductionin the relationship among villagers, so it was been in the state of an atomization. Secondly,in the face of the atomization risk, S village is succeeding in transforming famers intocollectivity by virtue of rebuilding the bonds. Finally, S village realizes the change of thevillage governance via the collective organizations such as cooperation、 counselinstitute、elderly association and so on, which are set up by the village.Based on the relationship between the collectivity and the village governance, thepaper find out: on the one hand, village governance which most of the villagers take partin is an effective governance form. In the process of the t integration of urban and ruralareas, the government avoids the contradiction and decreases the cost of the governancethrough the collective strength. On the anther hand, village improves the villagerautonomy by the collective strength. Making villagers join the government, the villagemanagers convert the role of―do for villagers‖into the one of―do by villagers‖. Based on the analysis of village governance in S village, this paper finds out that therelationships between villagers are strengthened and a new collectivity has been set upsuccessfully via taking all kinds of actions including binding benefits, devolving power,forming the sense of social justice, etc. By cultivating a new collectivity and extendingdemocracy at the grassroots level, the majority of villagers could be able to participate invillage governance, and finally realizes deliberative governance.