Gender Difference Research On Constitutional Health Problems Of Teenagers

In recent years, our education and social development have been limited by thephysique health problems of adolescent students. Teenagers’ physical function andsports ability decline seriously, the rates of obesity and myopia have risen sharply.Compared with the national, the constitutional health of Shanghai teenagers is verybad. Factors affecting teenagers’ constitutional health are diverse, and gender isparticularly notable. Because adolescence is key to character formation, dispositionfinalizes and outstanding personality. Gender, which effect adolescents’ individualpersonality directly, also attitude and behavior, can lead to obvious gender differenceon physical health problem. The research of teenagers’ physique health in Chinarelated to gender differences is relatively poor. To study adolescent students’ physicalhealth problems in terms of the gender has important significance in theory andpractice.With the method of secondary analysis, the existing statistical data analysis,questionnaire, field observation, interview and so on, by exampleof middle and primary school students in Yangpu district of Shanghai, collecting theconstitutional health experimental data from six middle schools nearly5years, andmaking an on-the-spot investigation of more than ten middle and primary schools. Itused1300questionnaires to analyze the sports exercise attitude and behavior,recycling effective questionnaire1225, effective recovery of94.Meanwhile, we checkand collect adolescent physique monitoring data in our country and health riskbehavior survey data in shanghai about10years. To a certain extent, we master thegender differences from physique health problems of primary and middle schoolstudents in Shanghai.Through data analysis and field observation:①There was significant genderdifference on the constitutional health problems of Yangpu district. Boys’ physicalfitness test scores lower than girls. The rate of malnutrition, overweight and obesityfrom boys was significantly higher than that of girls, but boys’ endurance anddexterity was relatively weak. Though the test scores of girls were better than boys,but they had a poor performance in power projects relatively.②There was significantgender difference in sports exercise attitude and behavior between boys and girls.Boys liked adventurous, irritation and large amount of exercise, while girls wereinclined to slow, soft and smaller sports. Boys occupied a wide variety of sportsresources obviously, while there was less choice in choosing sport items for girls;Boys had more playmates of sport than girls, while girls tended to pay more attentionto study rather than sports; Girls demanded more strongly about gender equality insports. The results showed that the gender difference of teenagers’ sports exerciseattitude and behavior was not the reason for that boys’ constitutional health test scoreswas worse than that of girls.③There was significant gender difference in the aspect ofhealth risk behavior among teenagers. Compared with girls, boys’ physique healthinfluenced by health risk behavior greatly, which has a high occurrence. Boys hadhigher incidence rate of extraversion obvious behavior than that of girls, such as smoking, drinking, fighting, internet addiction, and so on. Meanwhile, girls hadhigher reported rate of introversive behavior performance associated with physicaland mental needs closely, for example, losing weight unwholesomely, lack ofphysical activity, feeling depressed.④School education was the importantinfluencing factors in gender difference of teenagers constitutional health. The currenteducation environment is more beneficial to the development of girls,bnt not to boys.On the one hand, schooling strengthens the gender roles in ideology, organizationstructure and teaching environment. There was a phenomenon of gender inequality inthe sports curriculum and implement. On the other hand, flexible education, whichwas the key cause of "girl advantage" and "boy crisis", made boys have a betterconstitutional well-being than girls. It showed four aspects: teaching function as aservice, education environment in greenhouse, teaching profession in feminization,teaching method in handy. In addition, the physical health test standard has a certaininfluence on the test scores of boys and girls.Therefore, we should attach importance to gender difference in the students’constitutional health promotion work. We should develop and implement policies andmeasures according to gender factors. At first, we must put "gender mainstreaming"on the agenda, and come true gender equity education at school. Relevant departmentswould have a definite object in view on the prevention and control of health riskbehaviors, establishing physical health test standard, promoting health education andso on.Secondly, we should improve the education environment, advocate rigid andflexible education conceptions, keep a balance of hard stems and soft terms in theeducation teaching language text, change the status quo of more feminine and lessmasculine in the level of educational cognition and operation. Thirdly, we also shouldemphasize teachers’ gender consciousness, keep the teaching language in educationhard and soft evenly, and encourage men to take up basic teaching.