A Reach On The Limitations Of Modern University System From The Perspective Of Academic Freedom And Transcendence

Academy is the life of universities while academic freedom is the life of academy, sogiving full freedom to universities is the premise of the university academic prosperity.Byreviewing the rising history of the first class universities around the world, it can be seenthat all of them have been benefiting from their unique academic freedom spirit andperfect contemporary university system accumulated from history. They take freedom astheir soul, academy as their career, concept as the first and law as the base, thus flauntingthe spirit of academic freedom and daring to be the first, which result in being the first inthe world and becoming the leaders of the world’s universities. Therefore, based oninvestigating and exploring the solidification history of academic freedom from theconcept to university system, and combing the hundreds of years’ heritage anddevelopment, reform and change of academic freedom, this paper focuses on the frontiersof national higher education theory and managing practice and clearly puts forward thatthe core values and fundamental system of improving the quality of higher education andrealizing connotative development are to carry forward the spirit of academic freedom andto improve contemporary university system. In addition, they are also important solutionsto breaking the constraints for talents of master class to stand out in China nowadays.The concepts of “academic freedom” and “contemporary university system” areanalyzed, and the dual attributes of academic freedom are proposed in this paper:academic freedom of behavior and academic freedom of thought, of which the former isthe manifestation of academic freedom while the latter is the inherent nature of academicfreedom and both of them interacts. Contemporary university system is a code of conductwhich matches the academic freedom of behavior. By analyzing academic freedom andcontemporary university system based on the theory of “rationalization”, it is alsopresented that in the process of “rationalization”, academic freedom constantly improvesthe level of the system and uses system to maintain academic freedom, but in nature, itdiffers from the academic freedom from spiritual level, which results in the contradictionof the applicability and transcendence between contemporary university system andacademic freedom.On the basis of wide reading the literature of education, philosophy, sociology,economics and other fields and based on the principle that the discussions depend on thehistory, the writer combs and demonstrates the process that academic freedom of thought and behavior changes along with the dual rationalization law of concept and system.Academic freedom reveals its basic features of connotative development, dual attributesand diversity maintenance mode. However, the academic freedom of behavior and thoughtdiffer in three aspects of application scope, logical relationship and values. They are notonly the manifestation of university system’s restriction on academic freedom of thought,but also the reasons for the restriction. In order to break the restriction, the research furtheranalyzes the transcendence of academic thought freedom in time and state. The solutionsto cultivating academic thought and establishing academic freedom-orientedcontemporary university system are given and the suggestions from two levels of idea andpractice are put forward as well in this paper.