Agricultural Land Use Mode And Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Policies

Since the70s of the20th century, water environment in China has been deteriorating. Water quality in major lakes and important waters deteriorated sharply. The major pollutants emissions significantly exceed the environmental capacity, and especially the eutrophication caused by TN and TP seriously deteriorates. The first national census on pollution sources shows that TN and TP emissions of agricultural sources were57.2%and67.4%of total emissions, COD emissions accounted for43.7%of the total. Agriculture non-point source pullution is the most important source of water environment.Land use is a key factor affecting the non-point source pollution. Inappropriate land use will lead to soil erosion and TN and TP loss with surface runoff, and that the formation of non-point source pollution. This study makes an overview of agricultural production fix on the study area, analyses the application of fertilizers and pesticides of planting crops, reveals the relationship between the agricultural land use and non-point source pollution.Seeking policy to control non-point source pollution through agricultural land use.Firstly, detailed introduces the influential factors and characteristics of agricultural non-point pollution, analyzes the cause of plantation non-point source pollution and main control technology, reviews the reseach progress of land use and non-point source pollution.Estabish the link between agricultural land use and non-point source pollution in theory.Secondly, introduces the status of pollution of the Tai Lake Watershed. Analyses land use structure, change of arable land, crop acreage and structure. Clarify the status of agricultural production in the study areas.Then introduces the basic situation of Farmers’Survey in Lake Tai Watershed.Thirdly, analyses the application of fertilizers and pesticides of planting crops using descriptive statistics, analyses the relationship between agricultural land use and non-point source pollution using econometric models on the basis of survey data. Specifically divided into the following two parts:(1) Based on survey data, put plantation land use as the scope of the study, analyses the application of fertilizers and pesticides of different crops and different scales, analyses the relationship between the output and the application of fertilizers and pesticides. The study found that chemical fertilizer is generally excessive in study area and fertilization disproportionate.(2) Analyses the factor that affecting non-point source pollution by canonical correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model.Analyses the relationship between variables group of agricultural land use and variables group of agrochemical application by canonical correlation analysis. In multiple linear regression model, the variable is extended to other variables that may affect non-point source pollution, joined the farmers personal characteristics, family income, environmental awareness and training history variables, analyses the factors that affecting non-point source pollution.Finally, this article concludes that:fertilizer overused seriously in Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, and fertilizer usage structure irrational. Agricultural land use has a deeply influence on non-point source pollution. Scientific and reasonable agricultural land layout and agricultural management helps to reduce the fertilizer. We can take control of non-point source pollution from transfer land use patterns. Increase in the proportion of economic crops is a new change of crop structure. We should properly guide economic crops plantation, control the application of fertilizer and pesticides. Concurrent occupation, economic benefits of scale operation and floating population all need the proper circulation of land management rights. Realize farmers decentralized management and protect the interests of floating population.